Question 1

Which of the following best describes the genomic structure of Picornaviridae viruses?

Accepted Answer

Positive single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA)

Question 2

A patient presents with fever, fatigue, nausea, anorexia, and jaundice. Laboratory tests confirm a viral infection transmitted via the fecal-oral route. Which virus is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis A virus

Question 3

Why is it difficult to develop a vaccine against rhinoviruses?

Accepted Answer

There are too many serotypes

Question 4

Which of the following is the most effective way to prevent the transmission of enteroviruses?

Accepted Answer

Handwashing and proper sewage treatment

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the oral polio vaccine (OPV) is correct?

Accepted Answer

It can induce herd immunity

Question 6

A child develops self-limiting lesions on the hands, feet, and mouth, along with fever. Which virus is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Coxsackie A virus

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why negative single-stranded RNA (−ssRNA) viruses must carry their own RNA-dependent RNA polymerase?

Accepted Answer

Their RNA must first be transcribed into mRNA before translation

Question 8

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of hepatitis E infection?

Accepted Answer

It is fatal in 20% of pregnant women

Question 9

A patient is diagnosed with viral gastroenteritis after an outbreak on a cruise ship. Which virus is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Norovirus

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the transmission route of enteroviruses?

Accepted Answer

Fecal-oral route

Question 11

Which of the following is a major disadvantage of the oral polio vaccine (OPV) compared to the inactivated polio vaccine (IPV)?

Accepted Answer

OPV can mutate to a disease-causing form

Question 12

Which of the following viruses is associated with myocarditis and pericardial infections?

Accepted Answer

Coxsackie B virus

Question 13

A patient presents with fever, chills, and a mucus-producing cough. Which of the following is most likely the cause?

Accepted Answer

Viral pneumonia

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why hepatitis A does not cause chronic liver disease?

Accepted Answer

The virus is rapidly cleared by the immune system

Question 15

Which of the following is the most common manifestation of rhinovirus infection?

Accepted Answer

Common cold

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of pleconaril in the treatment of rhinovirus infections?

Accepted Answer

It reduces the severity and duration of symptoms if taken at onset

Question 17

Which of the following viruses is most likely to cause outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in nursing homes?

Accepted Answer

Norovirus

Question 18

Which of the following is a key reason why enteroviruses pose the greatest risk to fetuses and newborns?

Accepted Answer

Their immune systems are underdeveloped

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between positive and negative single-stranded RNA viruses?

Accepted Answer

Negative RNA must be transcribed into mRNA before translation

Question 20

Which of the following is the best preventive measure for hepatitis E virus infection?

Accepted Answer

Interrupting the fecal-oral route of transmission

Pathogenic RNA Viruses: Naked, Positive ssRNA Viruses (Picornaviridae, Caliciviridae, Astroviridae, Hepeviridae)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards