Question 1

Which of the following best describes the genome and structure of viruses in the Togaviridae and Flaviviridae families?

Accepted Answer

Enveloped, icosahedral, positive-sense ssRNA

Question 2

Which of the following is the primary vector for the transmission of Dengue, Zika, and Yellow Fever viruses?

Accepted Answer

Aedes mosquitoes

Question 3

A patient presents with fever, severe joint pain, and a bright rash after traveling to South America. Which virus is most likely responsible, and what is the most effective prevention strategy?

Accepted Answer

Dengue virus; mosquito control

Question 4

Which of the following statements about arboviruses is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Arthropod vectors can remain infected and are a continual source of new infections.

Question 5

Which disease is caused by a flavivirus and can result in severe liver damage, hemorrhaging, and has a mortality rate approaching 20%?

Accepted Answer

Yellow Fever

Question 6

A pregnant woman contracts a mild, flulike illness while traveling in Brazil. Her child is later born with microcephaly. Which virus is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Zika virus

Question 7

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the prevention of arboviral diseases?

Accepted Answer

Prevention relies primarily on vector control and, for some viruses, vaccination.

Question 8

Which virus is the second most common cause of colds and is also responsible for severe respiratory syndromes such as SARS, MERS, and COVID-19?

Accepted Answer

Coronavirus

Question 9

A patient is diagnosed with hepatitis C. Which of the following statements is CORRECT regarding this infection?

Accepted Answer

It is often asymptomatic but can lead to severe liver damage over time.

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why humans are considered 'dead-end hosts' for most arboviruses?

Accepted Answer

Humans cannot transmit the virus back to the vector efficiently.

Question 11

Which of the following viruses is associated with a macular rash, can cause arthritis or encephalitis in adults, and is preventable by vaccination?

Accepted Answer

Rubella virus

Question 12

A traveler to Africa receives a vaccine to prevent a viral disease that can cause hepatitis, hemorrhagic fever, and shock. Which disease is this vaccine targeting?

Accepted Answer

Yellow Fever

Question 13

Which of the following is the primary reservoir for West Nile virus?

Accepted Answer

Birds

Question 14

Which of the following viruses is most likely to cause severe birth defects if a woman is infected during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Rubella virus

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the transmission route for SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 coronaviruses?

Accepted Answer

Large respiratory droplets

Question 16

A patient develops encephalitis after being bitten by a mosquito in North America. Which virus is LEAST likely to be the cause?

Accepted Answer

Japanese Encephalitis virus

Question 17

Which of the following is a key reason why dengue hemorrhagic fever is more severe upon reinfection?

Accepted Answer

Antibody-dependent enhancement leads to increased viral replication.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about hepatitis C virus (HCV) is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A vaccine is available for HCV prevention.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the structure of coronaviruses?

Accepted Answer

Enveloped, helical, positive-sense ssRNA

Question 20

Which of the following is the most effective public health measure to prevent outbreaks of arboviral diseases in endemic regions?

Accepted Answer

Vector control through elimination of mosquito breeding sites

Pathogenic RNA Viruses: Togaviridae, Flaviviridae, and Coronaviridae

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