Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary goal of recombinant DNA technology in biotechnology?

Accepted Answer

To intentionally modify genomes for practical purposes such as eliminating undesirable traits, combining beneficial traits, or synthesizing useful products

Question 2

A scientist wants to clone a eukaryotic gene in a prokaryotic cell. Which enzyme should be used to generate a DNA copy of the gene without introns?

Accepted Answer

Reverse transcriptase

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a typical use of synthetic nucleic acids in recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the mutation rate in bacterial populations

Question 4

A restriction enzyme recognizes the sequence $$\mathrm{GAATTC}$$ and cuts between G and A. Which enzyme is this, and what type of ends does it produce?

Accepted Answer

EcoRI; sticky ends

Question 5

Which of the following is a property of a good vector for gene cloning?

Accepted Answer

It should contain a recognizable genetic marker

Question 6

The CRISPR-Cas system in prokaryotes functions primarily to:

Accepted Answer

Protect against viral infection by targeting and cutting foreign DNA

Question 7

Which step in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) involves the separation of double-stranded DNA into single strands?

Accepted Answer

Denaturation

Question 8

A DNA fragment is 500 base pairs long. During gel electrophoresis, how will its migration compare to a 2000 base pair fragment?

Accepted Answer

It will migrate faster and farther from the well

Question 9

Which of the following best explains the use of DNA microarrays in medical diagnostics?

Accepted Answer

They allow simultaneous detection of expression of thousands of genes, aiding in disease diagnosis

Question 10

Which artificial technique for introducing DNA into cells involves using an electrical field to create pores in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Electroporation

Question 11

A researcher wants to map the location of a gene on a chromosome using fluorescent probes. Which technique should they use?

Accepted Answer

Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)

Question 12

Which of the following is a potential agricultural application of recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

Production of transgenic plants with increased salt tolerance

Question 13

Which of the following is a major ethical concern regarding recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

Potential for routine genetic screening and privacy issues

Question 14

A patient is suspected of having a genetic disease caused by a single nucleotide mutation. Which technique would be most appropriate for rapid screening?

Accepted Answer

DNA microarray analysis

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the action of a restriction enzyme?

Accepted Answer

It cuts DNA at specific palindromic sequences

Question 16

A scientist uses the Sanger sequencing method to determine the sequence of a DNA fragment. Which of the following is a key feature of this method?

Accepted Answer

Use of fluorescently labeled dideoxynucleotides to terminate DNA synthesis at specific bases

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world example of a product made possible by recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

Insulin produced by genetically modified bacteria

Question 18

A gene library is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A collection of bacterial or phage clones, each containing a gene from an organism's genome

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the Southern blot technique?

Accepted Answer

It is used to transfer DNA from a gel to a membrane for probe hybridization

Question 20

Which of the following equations correctly represents the exponential amplification of DNA during PCR, where $$n is $$the number of cycles?

Accepted Answer

$$2^n$$

Ch 8 - Recombinant DNA Technology: Tools, Techniques, and Applications

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