A nutrition student reads a cereal box showing a serving size of 1 cup (120 g) but pours a large bowl that is visually two fists in volume. Which evaluation is most accurate about serving size vs portion size and the likely consequence for intake tracking?

• A. Serving sizes on labels are suggestions and count for nothing; the student should ignore them and assume standard portions are half the labeled amounts.
• B. Portion and serving size are identical, so pouring two fists automatically changes the listed serving size on the label; no tracking adjustment needed.
• C. Because hands are inaccurate, assume the bowl is exactly one serving; never measure cereals and always rely on eyeballing portions.
• D. Serving size (1 cup on the label) is a reference amount; pouring two fists (≈2 cups) makes the portion twice the serving size, leading to underestimation of calories and nutrients if the student records only one serving. The student should measure or adjust the record to the actual portion consumed.

Answer: (D)