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Acid-Base Equilibria, Carbonyls, Carboxylic Acids, Chirality, and Spectroscopy: Study Guide

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Acid and Base Definitions

  • Lewis vs. Bronsted-Lowry Definition
    07:46
  • The Bronsted-Lowry definition of acids and bases.
    00:54
  • Equilibrium constant and conjugates.
    02:11

Acid Base Equilibrium

  • The 3 steps for determining the direction of acid and base equilibrium.
    05:11
  • Determining Acid/Base Equilibrium
    04:00
  • Determining Acid/Base Equilibrium
    02:34

Factors Affecting Acidity

  • Which of the oxides is the most basic?
    00:30
  • The 3 factors that determine the strength of inductive effects.
    03:09
  • Using Inductive Effect to determine acidity
    01:54

Chirality

  • Drawing Mirror Images and Determining Chirality
    03:24
  • What is chirality?
    05:10
  • Drawing Mirror Images and Determining Chirality
    03:44

Optical Activity

  • Specific rotation vs. observed rotation.
    05:43

Overview of Chemical Reactions

  • Recognizing Substitution Reactions.
    01:34
  • Recognizing Acid-Base Reactions.
    02:43
  • Recognizing Elimination Reactions.
    00:40

Nucleophilic Addition

  • Nucleophilic Addition
    08:27

COOH Derivatives and Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution

  • Intro to Nucleophilic Acyl Substituion
    04:06
  • Intro to Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
    03:50

Carboxylic Acid Nomenclature

  • Give the IUPAC name
    02:03
  • Carboxylic Acids Nomenclature
    04:20

Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution – The Three Rules

  • NAS - The Three Rules
    09:32

Fischer Esterification – Mechanism

  • General Mechanism
    04:08
  • General Reaction
    01:08

Acid-Catalyzed Ester Hydrolysis – Mechanism

  • General Mechanism
    02:38
  • General Reaction
    01:31

Base-Catalyzed Ester Hydrolysis – Mechanism

  • Mechanism
    03:27

Base-Catalyzed Transesterificaation – Mechanism

  • General Mechanism
    02:27
  • General Reaction
    02:49

Mass Spect - Introduction

  • Equipment and Theory
    10:48
  • How to Read a Mass Spectrum
    01:25

Mass Spect - Common Isotopes

  • The (M + 1) Peak
    09:26
  • The Nitrogen Rule
    03:32
  • The (M + 2) Peak
    05:23

1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance - General Features

  • General NMR Features
    10:06

1H NMR - Total Number of Signals

  • General Assumption for 1H NMR Signals
    04:35
  • Identifying Proton Signals
    02:02
  • Identifying Proton Signals
    01:55

1H NMR - Spin-Splitting without J-Values

  • Splitting without J-values
    12:21
  • Proton Splitting
    03:

1H NMR Spin-Splitting - Common Patterns

  • Common Splitting Patterns
    08:06

1H NMR - Integration

  • 1H NMR Integration
    06:46
  • Draw Complete NMR Spectrum
    04:29

13C NMR - General Features

  • 13C NMR General Features
    04:00
  • 1H and 13C Joint Problem
    01:10
  • Identifying 13C Signals
    02:12