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Alkyl Halides and Alcohols: Nucleophilic Substitution – Structure, Properties, and Mechanisms

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Common Substituents

  • Name the following alkane
    02:33
  • Understanding Non-IUPAC Substituents
    06:42
  • Name the following alkane
    03:56

Functional Groups

  • Assigning Degrees to Alkyl Halides
    01:30
  • Why we need functional groups.
    01:49
  • The difference between aldehydes and ketones.
    03:08

Alkane Nomenclature

  • Naming the root chain
    01:02
  • Provide the IUPAC name for the following alkane
    07:08
  • The different parts of an IUPAC name
    03:43

Introduction to Substitution

  • Predict the product
    05:55
  • Nucleophiles and Electrophiles can react in Bronsted-Lowry Reactions.
    05:01
  • Nucleophiles and Electrophiles can react in Substitution Reactions.
    01:47

Leaving Groups

  • Predict the best leaving group
    00:50
  • Predict the best leaving group
    01:12
  • Predict the best leaving group
    00:36

The SN2 Mechanism

  • Ranking reactivity toward SN2
    04:03
  • Drawing the SN2 Mechanism
    08:33
  • Understanding the properties of SN2.
    11:57

The SN1 Mechanism

  • Drawing the SN1 Mechanism
    10:49
  • Why highly substituted leaving groups favor SN1.
    01:13
  • Understanding the properties of SN1.
    08:16

Solvents

  • The difference between protic vs. aprotic solvents.
    03:57
  • Identification of polarity in solvents
    01:16
  • Identification of polarity in solvents
    00:39

Carbocation Intermediates – Stability

  • Determining Carbocation Stability
    05:58
  • Predicting the most stable carbocation
    01:21

Carbocation Intermediate – Rearrangements

  • Alkyl Shift
    03:43
  • Understanding why carbocations shift.
    00:47
  • Hydride Shift
    03:34

Reaction Mechanism

  • How to tell if charged molecules will react as nucleophiles or electrophiles.
    02:39
  • Nucleophile or Electrophile
    01:49
  • How to tell if uncharged molecules will react as nucleophiles or electrophiles.
    02:48

Overview of Chemical Reactions

  • Recognizing Substitution Reactions.
    01:34
  • Recognizing Acid-Base Reactions.
    02:43
  • Recognizing Elimination Reactions.
    00:40

Electronegativity

  • Differences between ionic, polar and covalent bonds
    11:33

Intermolecular Forces

  • How dipole-dipole forces work.
    01:46
  • How IMFs are related to melting and boiling points.
    03:08
  • How Van der Waals forces work.
    03:01