Question 1

Which of the following carboxylic acid derivatives is the most reactive toward nucleophilic acyl substitution?

Accepted Answer

Acid chloride ($$\mathrm{RCOCl})$$

Question 2

Which of the following statements best explains why acid chlorides are more reactive than amides in nucleophilic acyl substitution?

Accepted Answer

Chloride is a weaker base and a better leaving group than amines.

Question 3

What is the correct IUPAC name for the following compound: $$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH_2COOH}$$?

Accepted Answer

Butanoic acid

Question 4

Which of the following compounds will have the lowest p$$K_a$$ value?

Accepted Answer

Trichloroacetic acid ($$\mathrm{CCl_3COOH})$$

Question 5

Which of the following methods can be used to synthesize a carboxylic acid from a primary alkyl halide?

Accepted Answer

Reaction with NaCN followed by hydrolysis

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of nucleophilic acyl substitution?

Accepted Answer

Nucleophilic addition followed by elimination of the leaving group

Question 7

Which of the following reactions is used in the laboratory to convert a carboxylic acid to an acid chloride?

Accepted Answer

Reaction with thionyl chloride ($$\mathrm{$$SOCl_2$$})$$

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure $$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH_2CN}$$?

Accepted Answer

Butanenitrile

Question 9

Which of the following statements about Fischer esterification is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is an equilibrium process catalyzed by acid.

Question 10

Which of the following compounds will react with sodium bicarbonate ($$\mathrm{$$NaHCO_3$$}) to $$produce carbon dioxide gas?

Accepted Answer

Benzoic acid ($$\mathrm{C_6H_5COOH})$$

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct order of decreasing reactivity toward nucleophilic acyl substitution?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{RCOCl \u003e (RCO)_2O \u003e RCOOR' \u003e $$RCONH_2$$}$$

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why carboxylate salts are more water-soluble than their corresponding carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylate ions are ionic and interact strongly with water molecules.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct product of the reaction between acetic anhydride and ethanol?

Accepted Answer

Ethyl acetate and acetic acid

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound derived from acetic acid and ammonia?

Accepted Answer

Acetamide

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the hydrolysis of amides is correct?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis of amides is slower than hydrolysis of esters.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the product of the reaction between a carboxylic acid and a Grignard reagent followed by carbonation and acid workup?

Accepted Answer

A carboxylic acid with one more carbon than the original Grignard reagent

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct name for the compound $$\mathrm{CH_3COCl}$$?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl chloride

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the formation of lactones?

Accepted Answer

$$\gamma- or$$ $$\delta-$$hydroxy acids can cyclize to form lactones under acidic conditions.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct product of the reaction between benzoic acid and sodium hydroxide?

Accepted Answer

Sodium benzoate and water

Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives: Structure, Nomenclature, Properties, and Reactions

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