Q: Given a dipole moment $$\mu = 1.85 D $$and a bond length $$d = 1.00$$ Å, what is the magnitude of the charge separation $$q in $$coulombs? (1 D = $$3.336 \times 10$$^{-30}$$ C·m, 1 Å = 1.00$$ \times $$10^{-10} m)$$

$$q = 6.17 \times 10$$^{-20}$$ C

Question 1

Which of the following is the correct electronic configuration for nitrogen (atomic number 7)?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^3$$

Question 2

Which of the following molecules violates the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

BF$$_3$$

Question 3

Given a compound with 40.0% carbon, 6.7% hydrogen, and 53.3% oxygen by mass, and a molar mass of 180 g/mol, what is its molecular formula?

Accepted Answer

C$$_6H$_{12}O$_6$$

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct Lewis structure for the nitrate ion (NO$$_3^-$$)?

Accepted Answer

A central N atom double bonded to one O and single bonded to two O atoms, each with a negative charge, with resonance among the three O atoms.

Question 5

A solution is prepared by dissolving 3.65 g of HCl (molar mass = 36.5 g/mol) in enough water to make 1.00 L of solution. What is the pH of the solution?

Accepted Answer

pH = 1.00

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between a sigma ($$\sigma) $$and a pi ($$\pi) $$bond in terms of wavefunction overlap?

Accepted Answer

A $$\sigma$$ bond results from head-on overlap of orbitals, while a $$\pi$$ bond results from side-on overlap.

Question 7

Which of the following intermolecular forces is primarily responsible for the high boiling point of water compared to methane?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding

Question 8

Rank the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point: CH$$_4$$, CH$$_3Cl$$, CH$$_3OH.$$

Accepted Answer

CH$$_4$$ \u003c CH$$_3Cl$$ \u003c CH$$_3OH$$

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct statement of the Bronsted-Lowry definition of acids and bases?

Accepted Answer

An acid is a proton donor and a base is a proton acceptor.

Question 10

Which of the following factors increases the acidity of a molecule?

Accepted Answer

Resonance stabilization of the conjugate base

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct formal charge on the central atom in the Lewis structure of SO$$_4$$^{2-}$$ (sulfate ion)?

Accepted Answer

Formal charge on S is 0

Question 12

Which of the following is the best resonance structure for the acetate ion (CH$$_3$$COO$$^-$$)?

Accepted Answer

Both oxygen atoms share the negative charge equally, with a double bond to one O and a single bond to the other, and resonance between the two.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the effect of hybridization on acidity is correct?

Accepted Answer

A hydrogen attached to an sp-hybridized carbon is more acidic than one attached to an sp$$^3-$$hybridized carbon.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why HF is a weaker acid than HI, even though fluorine is more electronegative?

Accepted Answer

The larger atomic radius of iodine leads to a weaker H–I bond, making HI easier to ionize.

Question 15

Which of the following compounds is most soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

CH$$_3CH$_2OH$$

Question 16

Given a dipole moment $$\mu = 1.85 D $$and a bond length $$d = 1.00$$ Å, what is the magnitude of the charge separation $$q in $$coulombs? (1 D = $$3.336 	imes 10$$^{-30}$$ C·m, 1 Å = 1.00$$ 	imes $$10^{-10} m)$$

Accepted Answer

$$q = 6.17 	imes 10$$^{-20}$$ C

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a possible resonance structure for the formate ion (HCOO$$^-$$)?

Accepted Answer

A structure with a double bond between carbon and hydrogen.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the Lewis definition of a base?

Accepted Answer

A base is an electron pair donor.

Question 19

Which of the following molecules will have the strongest London dispersion forces?

Accepted Answer

C$$_8H$_{18}$$

Question 20

Which of the following statements about solubility is correct?

Accepted Answer

Ionic compounds are generally more soluble in polar solvents due to strong ion-dipole interactions.

Exam I Study Guide: Structure, Bonding, Acids & Bases, and Intermolecular Forces

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