Question 1

Which of the following molecules has the highest boiling point, primarily due to hydrogen bonding interactions?

Accepted Answer

Methanol ($$CH_3OH)$$

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the electron geometry and molecular geometry of ammonia ($$NH_3$$)?

Accepted Answer

Electron geometry: tetrahedral; Molecular geometry: trigonal pyramidal

Question 3

Which of the following statements about resonance structures is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

The actual molecule is a hybrid of all valid resonance structures.

Question 4

Given the following acid-base reaction, which direction is favored? $$CH_3COOH + OH^- \rightarrow CH_3COO^- + H_2O$$

Accepted Answer

The reaction favors the products because water is a weaker base than hydroxide.

Question 5

Which of the following molecules contains a carbon atom with sp hybridization?

Accepted Answer

Ethyne ($$C_2H_2)$$

Question 6

Which of the following is the best Lewis structure for the nitrate ion ($$NO_3$$^-$$)?

Accepted Answer

A structure with one N=O double bond and two N–O single bonds, with negative charge delocalized over the two single-bonded oxygens.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why $$NH_3 is a $$stronger base than $$H_2O$$?

Accepted Answer

$$NH_3$$ has a less electronegative atom (N) bearing the lone pair compared to O in $$H_2O$$, making the lone pair more available for protonation.

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct order of increasing acidity (lowest to highest) for the following compounds: $$CH_4$$, $$NH_3$$, $$H_2O$$, $$HF$$?

Accepted Answer

$$CH_4$$ \u003c $$NH_3$$ \u003c H_2O \u003c HF$$

Question 9

A compound shows a strong IR absorption at approximately $$1700\ 	ext{cm}^{-1}. $$Which functional group is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Ketone

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the major resonance contributor for the acetate ion ($$CH_3COO^-$$)?

Accepted Answer

Both oxygen atoms share the negative charge equally, with one C=O and one C–O bond in each resonance structure.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about the ARIO acronym (Atom, Resonance, Induction, Orbital) is correct when comparing the stability of conjugate bases?

Accepted Answer

A negative charge on a more electronegative atom increases base stability.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the hybridization and geometry of the central atom in formaldehyde ($$CH_2O$$)?

Accepted Answer

sp2 hybridized, trigonal planar geometry

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about the use of curved arrows in acid-base reactions?

Accepted Answer

Curved arrows show the movement of electron pairs from the base to the proton.

Question 14

Which of the following molecules contains only sigma ($$\sigma) $$bonds?

Accepted Answer

Ethane ($$C_2H_6)$$

Question 15

Which of the following is the best explanation for why $$CF_3COOH is a $$stronger acid than $$CH_3COOH$$?

Accepted Answer

The electron-withdrawing fluorine atoms stabilize the conjugate base by induction.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the molecular geometry of $$CO_2$$?

Accepted Answer

Linear

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct number of hydrogen atoms bonded to the central carbon in isopropyl alcohol ($$CH_3CHOHCH_3$$)?

Accepted Answer

One

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about delocalized electrons in benzene?

Accepted Answer

The six $$\pi$$ electrons are delocalized over all six carbon atoms.

Question 19

A student is asked to match an unknown compound to its IR spectrum. The spectrum shows a broad absorption around $$3300\ 	ext{cm}^{-1}$$ and a sharp absorption at $$2100\ 	ext{cm}^{-1}. $$Which functional groups are most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Alkyne and alcohol

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why $$H_2SO_4 is a $$stronger acid than $$H_2SO_3$$?

Accepted Answer

$$H_2SO_4$$ has more oxygen atoms, which stabilize the conjugate base by resonance and induction.

Organic Chemistry I: Exam 1 Study Guide – Electron, Bond, Molecular Properties, Representations, Acids & Bases, IR Spectroscopy

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