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Two-Way ANOVA definitions

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  • Two-Way ANOVA
    Statistical method comparing three or more means across two factors, allowing assessment of their combined and individual effects on a dependent variable.
  • Factor
    Categorical variable whose levels are tested for their influence on a measured outcome, often arranged in rows or columns of a data table.
  • Dependent Variable
    Measured outcome affected by the levels of two factors, typically displayed in the cells of a two-way ANOVA table.
  • Interaction Effect
    Situation where the impact of one factor on the outcome depends on the level of the other factor, indicating non-independence.
  • Null Hypothesis
    Default assumption stating no effect or no interaction between factors, guiding initial statistical testing.
  • Alternative Hypothesis
    Statement proposing a difference or interaction exists between factors, considered when evidence contradicts the null.
  • F Statistic
    Ratio of mean squares used to test hypotheses in ANOVA, calculated for each factor and interaction to assess significance.
  • Mean Square Error
    Value representing unexplained variance in the data, used as the denominator in F statistic calculations.
  • Significance Level
    Threshold, often 0.05, for deciding whether to reject the null hypothesis based on p-value comparisons.
  • P Value
    Probability measure indicating the strength of evidence against the null hypothesis, compared to the significance level.
  • Interaction Plot
    Graphical tool displaying the relationship between two factors and a dependent variable, used to visually assess interaction.
  • Parallelism
    Feature in interaction plots where lines representing factor levels have similar slopes, suggesting no interaction effect.
  • Independent Factors
    Condition where the effect of one factor does not depend on the level of the other, indicated by lack of interaction.
  • Category
    Distinct level or group within a factor, such as low, medium, or high, used to organize data in ANOVA tables.
  • Alpha
    Symbol representing the chosen significance level, guiding decisions on hypothesis rejection.