In a glucose tolerance test, periodic measurements of blood glucose level are taken after a person drinks a glucose-rich solution. Using the hypothetical graph below, compare and contrast the results of the test for the diabetic and the healthy individual.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Observe the graph and identify the two lines representing the blood glucose levels of the diabetic and nondiabetic individuals over time.
2. Note the initial blood glucose levels for both individuals at time 0 minutes.
3. Compare the rate of increase in blood glucose levels for both individuals after consuming the glucose-rich solution.
4. Examine the peak blood glucose levels for both individuals and the time at which these peaks occur.
5. Compare the rate of decrease in blood glucose levels after reaching the peak for both individuals and note the final blood glucose levels at the end of the test period.

Key Concepts

Glucose Metabolism

Glucose metabolism refers to the biochemical processes that convert glucose into energy within the body. In healthy individuals, insulin facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells, leading to a stable blood glucose level. In contrast, individuals with diabetes often have impaired insulin function, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels after glucose intake.

Insulin Response

Insulin response is the body's reaction to increased blood glucose levels, typically following carbohydrate consumption. In a healthy person, insulin is released promptly, allowing for effective glucose uptake and regulation. In diabetics, this response is delayed or insufficient, leading to prolonged high blood glucose levels, as illustrated in the graph.

Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT)

The Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT) is a diagnostic procedure used to assess how well the body processes glucose. After fasting, a glucose-rich solution is ingested, and blood glucose levels are measured at intervals. The results help differentiate between normal glucose metabolism and conditions like prediabetes or diabetes, as seen in the contrasting responses of the diabetic and nondiabetic individuals in the graph.