Textbook Question
To synthesize one glucose molecule, the Calvin cycle uses _________ molecules of CO₂, _________ molecules of ATP, and _________ molecules of NADPH.
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Ch. 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food
Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan10th EditionCampbell Biology: Concepts & ConnectionsISBN: 9780136538783
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 Biology: The Study of Scientific Life19
- Ch. 2 The Chemical Basis of Life17
- Ch. 3 The Molecules of Cells21
- Ch. 4 A Tour of the Cell20
- Ch. 5 The Working Cell17
- Ch. 6 How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy18
- Ch. 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food15
- Ch. 8 The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance22
- Ch. 9 Patterns of Inheritance17
- Ch. 10 Molecular Biology of the Gene13
- Ch. 11 How Genes Are Controlled13
- Ch. 12 DNA Technology and Genomics23
- Ch. 13 How Populations Evolve17
- Ch. 14 The Origin of Species19
- Ch. 15 Tracing Evolutionary History18
- Ch. 16 Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists16
- Ch. 17 The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity15
- Ch. 18 The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity13
- Ch. 19 The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity18
- Ch. 20 Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function11
- Ch. 21 Nutrition and Digestion16
- Ch. 22 Gas Exchange16
- Ch. 23 Circulation17
- Ch. 24 The Immune System16
- Ch. 25 Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance20
- Ch. 26 Hormones and the Endocrine System10
- Ch. 27 Reproduction and Embryonic Development12
- Ch. 28 Nervous Systems10
- Ch. 29 The Senses12
- Ch. 30 How Animals Move19
- Ch. 31 Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction9
- Ch. 32 Plant Nutrition and Transport12
- Ch. 33 Control Systems in Plants15
- Ch. 34 The Biosphere: An Introduction to Earth's Diverse Environments15
- Ch. 35 Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment12
- Ch. 36 Population Ecology15
- Ch. 37 Communities and Ecosystems14
- Ch. 38 Conservation Biology14
Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan10th EditionCampbell Biology: Concepts & ConnectionsISBN: 9780136538783Not the one you use?Change textbook
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Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan 10th EditionCh. 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make FoodProblem 13
Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan 10th EditionCh. 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make FoodProblem 13Chapter 7, Problem 13
Explain what is meant by saying the light reactions convert solar energy to chemical energy.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the light reactions are the first stage of photosynthesis, taking place in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.
Recognize that solar energy refers to the energy from sunlight, which is composed of photons.
Learn that chlorophyll and other pigments in the thylakoid membranes absorb these photons, initiating the light reactions.
Realize that the absorbed light energy is used to split water molecules into oxygen, protons, and electrons, a process known as photolysis.
Acknowledge that the electrons move through the electron transport chain, leading to the production of ATP and NADPH, which are forms of chemical energy used in the subsequent Calvin cycle to synthesize glucose.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the biological process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy. This process primarily occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, where chlorophyll captures sunlight and uses it to transform carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
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Pigments of Photosynthesis
Light Reactions
The light reactions are the first stage of photosynthesis, occurring in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. During this phase, sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll, leading to the production of ATP and NADPH, which are energy-rich molecules. Water is also split, releasing oxygen as a byproduct.
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Chemical Energy
Chemical energy is the energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds, such as glucose produced during photosynthesis. This energy can be released during cellular respiration, allowing organisms to perform work. The conversion of solar energy to chemical energy is crucial for sustaining life on Earth, as it forms the basis of the food chain.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Compare and describe the roles of CO₂ and H₂O in cellular respiration and photosynthesis.
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Textbook Question
What do plants do with the sugar they produce in photosynthesis?
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Textbook Question
The following diagram compares the chemiosmotic synthesis of ATP in mitochondria and chloroplasts. Identify the components that are shared by both organelles and indicate which side of the membrane has the higher H+ concentration. Then label on the right the locations within the chloroplast.
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Textbook Question
Continue your comparison of electron transport and chemiosmosis in mitochondria and chloroplasts. In each case:
a. Where do the electrons come from?
b. How do the electrons get their high potential energy?
c. What picks up the electrons at the end of the chain?
d. How is the energy released as electrons are transferred down the electron transport chain used?
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Textbook Question
Most scientific experts agree that climate change is already occurring and has potentially catastrophic consequences for all of life on Earth. The Paris Agreement of 2015 represented a global consensus on the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, in 2017 the United States announced its intention to withdraw from the Agreement in 2020. Go online to research and summarize the main agreements reached in this historic global climate accord and the U.S. government's reasons for withdrawing. What roles do you think scientists, politicians, and citizens will need to play to cut emissions and limit global warming?
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