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Chromatography quiz
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Define:
What is the main purpose of chromatography?
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What is the main purpose of chromatography?
Chromatography is used to separate components within a mixture based on their molecular attractions.
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What is the main purpose of chromatography?
Chromatography is used to separate components within a mixture based on their molecular attractions.
What are the two phases involved in chromatography?
The two phases are the stationary phase (usually a silica plate) and the mobile phase (a solvent).
What is the stationary phase in chromatography?
The stationary phase is the part that does not move, typically a silica plate that holds the mixture.
What is the mobile phase in chromatography?
The mobile phase is the moving solvent that travels up the plate by capillary action.
How is a mixture applied in chromatography?
A sample of the mixture is spotted onto the stationary phase, such as a TLC plate.
What determines how far a component travels in chromatography?
The distance a component travels depends on its affinity for the solvent versus the plate.
What happens if a component has a greater attraction to the plate than the solvent?
It will not move very far up the plate, resulting in low movement.
What happens if a component has a greater affinity for the solvent than the plate?
It will move further up the plate with the solvent, showing higher movement.
What is capillary action in the context of chromatography?
Capillary action is the process by which the solvent moves up the plate, carrying the mixture's components.
How are the positions of components marked on a TLC plate?
Positions are marked as starting line, where each component stops, and where the solvent front stops.
What is the Retention Factor (Rf value) in chromatography?
The Rf value is the ratio of the distance traveled by the compound to the distance traveled by the solvent.
How do you calculate the Rf value for a compound?
Divide the distance traveled by the compound by the distance traveled by the solvent.
What does an Rf value of 0.50 indicate about a compound's affinity?
It indicates the compound has a lower affinity for the solvent compared to a compound with a higher Rf value.
How can Rf values help identify compounds in a mixture?
Rf values are compared to known values in a manual to identify the compounds present.
What is the typical composition of a solvent used in chromatography as described in the lesson?
A solvent can be a mixture, such as 50% ethanol (slightly polar) and 50% hexanes (non-polar).