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The Atom quiz #12

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  • What is the smallest possible unit of matter called?
    The atom is the smallest possible unit of matter.
  • What is the smallest unit of an element that still retains the element’s properties?
    An atom is the smallest unit of an element that retains its properties.
  • Which atom has the smallest number of neutrons?
    Hydrogen-1 has the smallest number of neutrons (zero).
  • An atom includes 8 electrons. What element is it?
    An atom with 8 electrons is oxygen.
  • Where are the protons?
    Protons are located in the nucleus of the atom.
  • Approximately how much of the air we breathe is composed of nitrogen and oxygen?
    About 99% of the air is nitrogen and oxygen (78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen).
  • What is the gas that makes up most of the air that we breathe?
    Nitrogen is the gas that makes up most of the air we breathe.
  • How many p electrons are there in an atom of gallium (Ga)?
    Gallium has 10 p electrons.
  • How many inner shell electrons are there in beryllium?
    Beryllium has 2 inner shell electrons.
  • What are the number of protons?
    The number of protons is equal to the atomic number of the element.
  • Why might you say that an atom is mostly composed of empty space?
    Most of an atom's volume is the electron cloud, which is mostly empty space.
  • How many protons does platinum have?
    Platinum has 78 protons.
  • How many neutrons are in an atom of iridium which has a mass number of 193?
    Iridium-193 has 116 neutrons (mass number 193 minus atomic number 77).
  • What characteristic of an element's atoms always determines the element's identity?
    The number of protons always determines the element's identity.
  • How many protons does chromium have?
    Chromium has 24 protons.
  • An atom with an atomic mass of 89 and an atomic number of 39 has how many neutrons?
    It has 50 neutrons (mass number 89 minus atomic number 39).
  • Roughly what percentage of the atom's volume is the nucleus?
    The nucleus occupies less than 0.01% of the atom's volume.
  • Which of these has 28 protons and 26 electrons?
    A nickel ion with a 2+ charge (Ni2+).
  • Where is most of the atom's mass located?
    Most of the atom's mass is located in the nucleus.
  • What is the maximum number of electrons that can be contained within the n = 2 shell of an atom?
    The n = 2 shell can hold a maximum of 8 electrons.
  • How many electrons are in a neutral phosphorus atom?
    A neutral phosphorus atom has 15 electrons.
  • Why do atoms have neutral charges?
    Atoms have neutral charges because they have equal numbers of protons and electrons.
  • How many protons are contained in the nucleus of an argon atom?
    An argon atom has 18 protons in its nucleus.
  • In which atom is the 2s orbital closest to the nucleus?
    The 2s orbital is closest to the nucleus in the atom with the highest nuclear charge (atomic number).
  • How many protons does an atom of carbon have?
    Carbon has 6 protons.
  • How many electrons does the first energy level hold?
    The first energy level holds up to 2 electrons.
  • How many protons and electrons are present in an element of strontium?
    Strontium has 38 protons and, if neutral, 38 electrons.
  • An atom of calcium contains 20 protons. How many electrons does it have?
    A neutral calcium atom has 20 electrons.
  • What defines the atomic number of a given element?
    The atomic number is defined as the number of protons in the nucleus.
  • What is the mass number for an atom of xenon containing 54 protons and 76 neutrons?
    The mass number is 130 (54 protons + 76 neutrons).
  • An atom has an atomic number of 15 and a mass number of 31. How many protons are there in the atom?
    There are 15 protons in the atom.
  • How many protons does an atom of oxygen have?
    Oxygen has 8 protons.
  • The atomic number of boron is 5. What is the mass number of a boron atom with 4 neutrons?
    The mass number is 9 (5 protons + 4 neutrons).
  • Astatine has 85 protons. What is its atomic number?
    Astatine's atomic number is 85.
  • How many protons are present in an atom of argon?
    Argon has 18 protons.
  • What is the mass number for an atom of xenon containing 54 protons and 79 neutrons?
    The mass number is 133 (54 protons + 79 neutrons).
  • How many protons does an atom of bromine (Br) have?
    Bromine has 35 protons.
  • The atomic number of oxygen is 8. What is the mass number of an oxygen atom with 7 neutrons?
    The mass number is 15 (8 protons + 7 neutrons).
  • How many electrons does O2– contain?
    O2– has 10 electrons (8 from oxygen, plus 2 extra for the 2– charge).
  • How many protons does phosphorus (P) have?
    Phosphorus has 15 protons.