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Transduction definitions

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  • Transduction
    A process where a bacteriophage transfers foreign DNA into a bacterium, enabling genetic exchange between bacterial cells.
  • Bacteriophage
    A virus capable of infecting bacteria and facilitating the transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells.
  • Generalized Transduction
    A mechanism where any segment of bacterial DNA can be transferred by a phage after bacterial lysis.
  • Specialized Transduction
    A process where only specific bacterial genes near a phage insertion site are transferred to another cell.
  • Cotransduction
    The simultaneous transfer of two or more genes by a single bacteriophage, useful for mapping gene proximity.
  • Cotransduction Frequency
    A measure indicating how often two genes are transferred together, reflecting their physical closeness on the chromosome.
  • Gene Mapping
    A technique using cotransduction frequencies to determine the relative positions of genes on a bacterial chromosome.
  • Gene Linkage
    The tendency of genes located close together on a chromosome to be inherited together during transduction.
  • Lysed Bacterium
    A bacterial cell that has been broken open, releasing its DNA into the environment for potential uptake by phages.
  • Transducer
    A phage element that inserts into a specific bacterial chromosome site, enabling the transfer of adjacent genes.
  • Mutant Strain
    A bacterial variant with genetic alterations, often used in experiments to study DNA transfer mechanisms.
  • Filter
    A barrier used in experiments to block cell-to-cell contact, allowing only small particles like viruses to pass through.
  • Chromosome
    A DNA molecule within bacteria that carries genetic information, segments of which can be transferred by phages.
  • Recombination Frequency
    A value previously used to estimate gene distances, now complemented by cotransduction frequency in mapping studies.
  • E. coli
    A model bacterial species frequently used in genetic experiments to study DNA transfer processes like transduction.