Question 1

Which of the following best explains why carbon is considered an excellent building block for biomolecules?

Accepted Answer

Carbon can form up to four covalent bonds, allowing for a variety of stable structures.

Question 2

Which functional group is NOT present in the following molecule?

$$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2COOH}$$

Accepted Answer

Amino

Question 3

Which of the following statements about dehydration reactions and hydrolysis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration reactions join monomers by removing water; hydrolysis reactions split polymers by adding water.

Question 4

Which chemical formula represents a typical simple carbohydrate (monosaccharide)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$}$$

Question 5

What type of bond links monosaccharides together to form polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic bond

Question 6

Which polysaccharide is an important structural component in the cell walls of plants?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 7

Which of the following is always found in every amino acid?

Accepted Answer

Amino group and carboxyl group

Question 8

What is the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

Question 9

Which of the following statements about protein denaturation is true?

Accepted Answer

Denaturation disrupts the protein's structure and function without breaking peptide bonds.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a sugar

Question 11

Which of the following is a purine nitrogenous base found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine

Question 12

What type of bond links nucleotides together in a nucleic acid polymer?

Accepted Answer

Phosphodiester bond

Question 13

Which of the following statements about DNA structure is true?

Accepted Answer

The two strands in a DNA molecule are oriented antiparallel to each other.

Question 14

Which type of fatty acid only contains carbon-carbon single bonds?

Accepted Answer

Saturated

Question 15

How do phospholipids interact with water molecules?

Accepted Answer

The polar heads interact with water; the nonpolar tails avoid water.

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of a chaperone protein?

Accepted Answer

Assist in protein folding or re-naturing

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between the sugar in DNA and the sugar in RNA?

Accepted Answer

The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose; the sugar in RNA is ribose.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about triglycerides is correct?

Accepted Answer

A triglyceride is a lipid with three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule.

Question 19

Which of the following is a major function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Energy storage and structural support

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of cholesterol in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

It is important for the structure of animal cell membranes.

Biomolecules: Structure, Function, and Importance in Genetics

Study Guide - Practice Questions