BackFunctional Groups in Chemistry definitions
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1/17BackSkip to main contentBackFunctional Group
A recognizable part of a molecule responsible for its chemical reactivity and properties. Hydrocarbon
A compound containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms, forming the simplest organic structures. Alkane
A chain of carbon atoms single bonded to each other and to hydrogens, forming saturated molecules. Alkene
A structure with at least two carbon atoms double bonded to each other, introducing unsaturation. Alkyne
A molecule featuring a triple bond between two carbon atoms, resulting in high reactivity. Benzene Ring
A six-carbon ring with alternating double bonds, also known as an aromatic ring. Alcohol
A group where a single bonded carbon is attached to an OH group, influencing solubility and reactivity. Ether
A structure where an oxygen atom connects two single bonded carbon atoms, forming a C-O-C linkage. Amine
A group with a nitrogen atom single bonded to one or more hydrogens, often basic in nature. Alkyl Halide
A compound where a single bonded carbon is attached to a halogen such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. Thiol
A group with a single bonded carbon attached to an SH group, imparting strong odors. Carbonyl Group
A functional group consisting of a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom, key to many organic compounds. Carboxylic Acid
A group with a carbonyl bonded to an OH group, known for acidic properties. Ester
A group where a carbonyl is bonded to an oxygen, which is further bonded to another carbon, often with pleasant scents. Amide
A group featuring a carbonyl directly bonded to a nitrogen atom, common in proteins. Aldehyde
A group with a carbonyl bonded directly to a hydrogen, often found at the end of carbon chains. Ketone
A group where a carbonyl is flanked by two carbon atoms, central to many metabolic pathways.
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