Textbook Question
In certain lung ailments such as emphysema, there is a decrease in the ability of oxygen to diffuse into the blood.
b. Why does a person with severe emphysema sometimes use a portable oxygen tank?
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Ch.8 Gases
Timberlake14thChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives19
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy53
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements58
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions38
- Ch.8 Gases30
- Ch.9 Solutions50
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium64
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons77
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones82
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides91
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis86
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production73
Timberlake14thChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 8, Problem 65b
At 100 °C, which of the following diagrams (1, 2, or 3) represents a gas sample that exerts the:
b. highest pressure?
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Recall the relationship between pressure and the number of gas particles in a given volume. According to the ideal gas law, pressure (P) is directly proportional to the number of gas particles (n) when the volume (V) and temperature (T) are constant.
Step 2: Examine the diagrams provided in the problem. Count the number of gas particles in each diagram to determine which one has the highest particle density.
Step 3: Consider the volume of the container in each diagram. If the containers are of equal volume, the diagram with the most gas particles will exert the highest pressure.
Step 4: Verify that the temperature is constant across all diagrams (100 °C in this case). Since temperature is constant, it does not affect the comparison of pressures between the diagrams.
Step 5: Identify the diagram with the highest number of gas particles in the same volume. This diagram represents the gas sample with the highest pressure.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Gas Pressure
Gas pressure is the force exerted by gas molecules colliding with the walls of their container. It is influenced by factors such as temperature, volume, and the number of gas particles. According to the ideal gas law, pressure increases with temperature if the volume is constant, as higher temperatures lead to more energetic collisions.
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Pressure Units Concept 1
Ideal Gas Law
The ideal gas law is a fundamental equation in thermodynamics that relates pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), and the number of moles (n) of a gas. It is expressed as PV = nRT, where R is the ideal gas constant. This law helps predict how changes in one variable affect the others, particularly in understanding how pressure varies with temperature and volume.
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Kinetic Molecular Theory
Kinetic molecular theory explains the behavior of gases in terms of particle motion. It posits that gas particles are in constant, random motion and that their kinetic energy is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas. This theory helps explain why increasing temperature leads to increased pressure, as faster-moving particles collide more frequently and with greater force against the container walls.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Using the answer from problem 8.61, how many grams of nitrogen are in Louisa’s lungs at STP if air contains 78% nitrogen?
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Textbook Question
Two flasks of equal volume and at the same temperature contain different gases. One flask contains 5.0 g of O2 and the other flask contains 5.0 g of H2. Is each of the following statements true or false? Explain.
b. The pressures in the flasks are the same.
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Textbook Question
Indicate which diagram (1, 2, or 3) represents the volume of the gas sample in a flexible container when each of the following changes (a to d) takes place:
c. Atmospheric pressure decreases if temperature does not change.
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Textbook Question
Indicate which diagram (1, 2, or 3) represents the volume of the gas sample in a flexible container when each of the following changes (a to d) takes place:
d. Doubling the atmospheric pressure and doubling the Kelvin temperature.
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Textbook Question
A balloon is filled with helium gas with a partial pressure of 1.00 atm and neon gas with a partial pressure of 0.50 atm. For each of the following changes (a to e) of the initial balloon, select the diagram (A, B, or C) that shows the final volume of the balloon:
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c. All of the neon gas is removed (T and P do not change).
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