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Covalent Bonds definitions

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  • Covalent Bond
    A connection formed by nonmetals sharing valence electrons to achieve a stable outer shell.
  • Valence Electron
    An outermost electron involved in chemical bonding, crucial for ascertaining stability in atoms.
  • Nonmetal
    An element that forms molecular bonds by sharing electrons, typically found on the right side of the periodic table.
  • Octet Rule
    A principle where atoms seek eight electrons in their outer shell to mimic noble gas stability.
  • Duet Rule
    A guideline for hydrogen, which achieves stability with two electrons in its outer shell, like helium.
  • Noble Gas
    An element with a naturally full outer electron shell, serving as a model for electron configuration.
  • Electron Configuration
    The arrangement of electrons in an atom’s shells, determining chemical behavior and stability.
  • Molecular Compound
    A substance composed of nonmetals bonded by shared electrons, existing as solids, liquids, or gases.
  • Melting Point
    The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid, typically lower in substances with shared electron bonds.
  • Boiling Point
    The temperature at which a liquid turns to gas, often lower in compounds with shared electron bonds.
  • Electrical Conductivity
    A measure of a substance’s ability to carry electric current, generally poor in compounds with shared electrons.
  • Electron Shell
    A region around an atom’s nucleus where electrons are likely to be found, influencing bonding behavior.
  • Solvent
    A medium, such as water, in which substances may dissolve, affecting conductivity in compounds.
  • State of Matter
    A physical form—solid, liquid, or gas—in which a substance can exist at room temperature.
  • Neon
    A noble gas with a stable electron configuration, often used as a reference for achieving atomic stability.