Domanda del libro di testo
The most important factor affecting the pH of body tissues is the concentration of:
(a) Lactic acid
(b) Ketone bodies,
(c) Metabolic acids
(d) Carbon dioxide
(e) Hydrochloric acid
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Ch. 27 Fluids & Electrolytes
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew11th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136874089
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch. 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology26
- Ch. 2 The Chemical Level of Organization34
- Ch. 3 The Cellular Level of Organization30
- Ch. 4 The Tissue Level of Organization24
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System17
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Structure36
- Ch. 7 The Axial Skeleton11
- Ch. 8 The Appendicular Skeleton17
- Ch. 9 Joints13
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue12
- Ch. 11 The Muscular System28
- Ch. 12 Nervous Tissue18
- Ch. 13 The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes22
- Ch. 14 The Brain and Cranial Nerves20
- Ch. 15 Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System17
- Ch. 16 The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions30
- Ch. 17 The Special Senses16
- Ch. 18 The Endocrine System20
- Ch. 19 Blood31
- Ch. 20 The Heart31
- Ch. 21 Blood Vessels and Circulation29
- Ch. 22 The Lymphatic System and Immunity31
- Ch. 23 The Respiratory System12
- Ch. 24 The Digestive System18
- Ch. 26 The Urinary System31
- Ch. 27 Fluids & Electrolytes32
- Ch. 28 The Reproductive System12
- Ch. 29 Development and Inheritance23
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew11th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136874089Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 26, Problema 8
Respiratory acidosis develops when the blood pH is:
(a) Increased due to a decreased blood P𝒸ₒ₂ level
(b) Decreased due to an increased blood P𝒸ₒ₂ level
(c) Increased due to an increased blood P𝒸ₒ₂ level
(d) Decreased due to a decreased blood P𝒸ₒ₂ level
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Step 1: Understand the definition of respiratory acidosis. Respiratory acidosis occurs when there is an accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO\_2) in the blood, leading to an increase in hydrogen ion concentration and thus a decrease in blood pH.
Step 2: Recall the relationship between CO\_2 and blood pH. CO\_2 reacts with water in the blood to form carbonic acid, which dissociates into hydrogen ions (H\^+) and bicarbonate (HCO\_3\^-). An increase in CO\_2 shifts this equilibrium, increasing H\^+ concentration and lowering pH.
Step 3: Analyze each option in terms of CO\_2 levels and pH changes: (a) Increased pH with decreased CO\_2 is alkalosis, not acidosis; (b) Decreased pH with increased CO\_2 matches respiratory acidosis; (c) Increased pH with increased CO\_2 is contradictory; (d) Decreased pH with decreased CO\_2 is unlikely.
Step 4: Conclude that respiratory acidosis is characterized by a decreased blood pH due to an increased blood CO\_2 level.
Step 5: Therefore, the correct description of respiratory acidosis corresponds to option (b): decreased pH due to increased blood P\_CO\_2.
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Respiratory Acidosis
Respiratory acidosis is a condition where the blood becomes more acidic due to impaired lung function, leading to an accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO₂). This excess CO₂ increases hydrogen ion concentration, lowering blood pH below the normal range (7.35-7.45). It typically results from hypoventilation or respiratory diseases.
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03:46
Homeostasis Example 1
Blood pH and Acid-Base Balance
Blood pH measures the acidity or alkalinity of blood, with normal values around 7.4. A decrease in pH indicates acidosis, while an increase indicates alkalosis. The body maintains pH balance through respiratory and renal mechanisms that regulate CO₂ and bicarbonate levels.
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Percorso guidato
01:29Acids and Bases
Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide (P𝒸ₒ₂)
P𝒸ₒ₂ represents the amount of CO₂ gas dissolved in the blood and is a key factor in respiratory regulation of acid-base balance. Elevated P𝒸ₒ₂ (hypercapnia) leads to increased acidity (lower pH), while decreased P𝒸ₒ₂ (hypocapnia) causes alkalinity (higher pH).
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6:12Partial Pressure
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
Metabolic alkalosis occurs when:
(a) Bicarbonate ion concentrations become elevated
(b) A severe bicarbonate loss occurs
(c) The kidneys fail to excrete hydrogen ions
(d) Ketone bodies are generated in abnormally large quantities
123
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Domanda del libro di testo
Identify four hormones that mediate major physiological adjustments affecting fluid and electrolyte balance. What are the primary effects of each hormone?
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Domanda del libro di testo
Drinking a solution hypotonic to the ECF causes the ECF to:
(a) Increase in volume and become hypertonic to the ICF
(b) Decrease in volume and become hypertonic to the ICF
(c) Decrease in volume and become hypotonic to the ICF
(d) Increase in volume and become hypotonic to the ICF
116
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Domanda del libro di testo
Changes in the pH of body fluids are compensated for by all of the following except:
(a) An increase in urine output
(b) The carbonic acid–bicarbonate buffer system
(c) The phosphate buffer system
(d) Changes in the rate and depth of breathing
(e) Protein buffers
70
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Domanda del libro di testo
Calcium homeostasis primarily reflects:
(a) A balance between absorption in the gut and excretion by the kidneys
(b) Careful regulation of the blood calcium level by the kidneys
(c) An interplay between parathyroid hormone and aldosterone,
(d) An interplay among reserves in the bones, the rate of absorption, and the rate of excretion
(e) Hormonal control of calcium reserves in the bones
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