교과서 질문
Consider the following compounds that vary from nearly nonacidic to strongly acidic. Draw the conjugate bases of these compounds, and explain why the acidity increases so dramatically with substitution by nitro groups.
839
views
Ch. 2 - Acids and Bases; Functional Groups
Wade9th EditionOrganic ChemistryISBN: 9780135213728
당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경다른 교과서를 선택하세요
TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Structure and Bonding107
- Ch. 2 - Acids and Bases; Functional Groups115
- Ch.3 - Structure and Stereochemistry of Alkanes100
- Ch.4 - The Study of Chemical Reactions99
- Ch.5 - Stereochemistry93
- Ch.6 - Alkyl Halides; Nucleophilic Substitution118
- Ch. 7 - Structure and Synthesis of Alkenes; Elimination158
- Ch.8 - Reactions of Alkenes171
- Ch.9 - Alkynes91
- Ch.10 - Structure and Synthesis of Alcohols143
- Ch.11 - Reactions of Alcohols104
- Ch. 12 - Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry22
- Ch. 13 - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy45
- Ch. 14 - Ethers, Epoxides, and Thioethers72
- Ch. 15 - Conjugated Systems, Orbital Symmetry, and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy89
- Ch. 16 - Aromatic Compounds74
- Ch. 17 - Reactions of Aromatic Compounds126
- Ch. 18 - Ketones and Aldehydes193
- Ch. 19 - Amines129
- Ch. 20 - Carboxylic Acids77
- Ch. 21 - Carboxylic Acid Derivatives141
- Ch. 22 - Condensations and Alpha Substitutions of Carbonyl Compounds175
- Ch. 23 - Carbohydrates and Nucleic Acids93
- Ch. 24 - Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins54
2장, 문제 49b
Methyllithium (CH3Li) is often used as a base in organic reactions.
b. What is the conjugate acid of CH3Li? Would you expect CH3Li to be a strong base or a weak base?
검증된 단계별 안내1
To determine the conjugate acid of methyllithium (CH3Li), we need to understand the concept of conjugate acids and bases. A conjugate acid is formed when a base gains a proton (H⁺).
Methyllithium (CH3Li) acts as a base by accepting a proton. When CH3Li accepts a proton, it forms CH4 (methane). Therefore, CH4 is the conjugate acid of CH3Li.
To assess whether CH3Li is a strong or weak base, consider the stability of its conjugate acid, CH4. Methane (CH4) is a very stable molecule and does not easily donate a proton, indicating that CH3Li is a strong base.
The strength of a base is often related to the stability of its conjugate acid. Since CH4 is stable and does not readily dissociate to give back a proton, CH3Li is considered a strong base.
In summary, CH3Li is a strong base because its conjugate acid, CH4, is very stable and does not easily release a proton.
비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:
이 영상 해법은 위 문제에 도움이 된다고 튜터들이 추천한 것입니다.
영상 길이:
5m도움이 되었나요?
주요 개념
질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.
Conjugate Acid-Base Pair
In acid-base chemistry, a conjugate acid-base pair consists of two species that transform into each other by the gain or loss of a proton. The conjugate acid of a base is formed when the base accepts a proton. For methyllithium (CH3Li), the conjugate acid is methane (CH4), as CH3Li gains a proton to form CH4.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
2:56
Base Pairing Concept 1
Strength of Bases
The strength of a base is determined by its ability to accept protons. Strong bases have a high tendency to accept protons, while weak bases do not. Methyllithium is considered a strong base because it readily accepts protons, forming its conjugate acid, methane, which is a very weak acid, indicating the strong basic nature of CH3Li.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
2:56Base Pairing Concept 1
Acid-Base Equilibrium
Acid-base equilibrium involves the balance between the forward and reverse reactions of acid-base pairs. A strong base like methyllithium shifts the equilibrium towards the formation of its conjugate acid, methane, due to its high proton affinity. Understanding this equilibrium helps predict the behavior of CH3Li in reactions, confirming its role as a strong base.
추천 영상:
04:00Determining Acid/Base Equilibrium
관련 실천
교과서 질문
The following compounds can all react as acids.
a. For each compound, show its conjugate base. Show any resonance forms if applicable.
1004
views
교과서 질문
Label the reactants in these acid–base reactions as Lewis acids (electrophiles) or Lewis bases (nucleophiles). Use curved arrows to show the movement of electron pairs in the reactions.
(b)
1446
views
교과서 질문
Label the reactants in these acid–base reactions as Lewis acids (electrophiles) or Lewis bases (nucleophiles). Use curved arrows to show the movement of electron pairs in the reactions.
(c)
1568
views
교과서 질문
The following compounds can all react as acids.
b. Rank the conjugate bases in the order you would predict, from most stable to least stable.
878
views
교과서 질문
Label the reactants in these acid–base reactions as Lewis acids (electrophiles) or Lewis bases (nucleophiles). Use curved arrows to show the movement of electron pairs in the reactions.
(a)
1286
views