Question

Classify each hydrogen atom in the following compounds as primary (1°), secondary (2°), or tertiary (3°). a. butane b. isobutane

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Understand the classification of hydrogen atoms. In organic chemistry, hydrogen atoms are classified based on the type of carbon atom they are attached to. A primary (1°) hydrogen is attached to a primary carbon, which is bonded to only one other carbon. A secondary (2°) hydrogen is attached to a secondary carbon, bonded to two other carbons. A tertiary (3°) hydrogen is attached to a tertiary carbon, bonded to three other carbons. Step 2: Analyze the structure of butane. Butane is a straight-chain alkane with the molecular formula C₄H₁₀. Draw the structure of butane: CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CH₃. Identify the types of carbon atoms present in butane. Step 3: Classify the hydrogen atoms in butane. In butane, the terminal CH₃ groups are primary carbons, each bonded to one other carbon. Therefore, the hydrogens attached to these CH₃ groups are primary hydrogens. The CH₂ groups are secondary carbons, each bonded to two other carbons, so the hydrogens attached to these CH₂ groups are secondary hydrogens. Step 4: Analyze the structure of isobutane. Isobutane is a branched alkane with the molecular formula C₄H₁₀. Draw the structure of isobutane: (CH₃)₂CH-CH₃. Identify the types of carbon atoms present in isobutane. Step 5: Classify the hydrogen atoms in isobutane. In isobutane, the central carbon is a tertiary carbon, bonded to three other carbons, so the hydrogens attached to this carbon are tertiary hydrogens. The terminal CH₃ groups are primary carbons, each bonded to one other carbon, so the hydrogens attached to these CH₃ groups are primary hydrogens.

Classify each hydrogen atom in the following compounds as primary (1°), secondary (2°), or tertiary (3°).
a. butane
b. isobutane

비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:

주요 개념

Hydrogen Atom Classification

Structure of Butane

Structure of Isobutane