A patient with obesity has high plasma leptin but reports constant hunger and difficulty losing weight. Which intervention approach most directly addresses the physiological cause implied by leptin insensitivity?

• A. Recommend extreme calorie restriction to force weight loss because leptin insensitivity proves that biological signals cannot be modified by pharmacology
• B. Focus solely on increasing leptin production through high-fat dietary supplements because more circulating leptin will inevitably overcome any signaling impairment
• C. Ignore hormonal mechanisms and attribute hunger entirely to lack of willpower, advising only psychological counseling without physiological or pharmacologic options
• D. Develop therapies or behavioral strategies that enhance hypothalamic leptin signaling or bypass it (e.g., improve receptor sensitivity via drugs, reduce inflammation that impairs signaling, or use GLP‑1 agonists to promote satiety through alternate pathways)

Answer: (D)