Which description best explains gluconeogenesis and its consequence during prolonged low carbohydrate intake?

• A. Gluconeogenesis refers to the conversion of fat to glucose directly in adipose tissue and therefore spares amino acids entirely during fasting.
• B. Gluconeogenesis is the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors (e.g., amino acids); during carb scarcity it increases, diverting amino acids from functional proteins toward glucose production, reducing protein availability.
• C. Gluconeogenesis is the direct storage of carbohydrates as glycogen in muscle, which increases during low carb intake to preserve protein structure.
• D. Gluconeogenesis is a digestive process in the stomach that converts fiber into glucose, so dietary fiber prevents any loss of body protein during carb restriction.

Answer: (B)