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Oxidizing and Reducing Agents definitions

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Terms in this set (15)

  • Oxidation
    Process involving an increase in the number of bonds between carbon and oxygen within a molecule.
  • Reduction
    Process involving an increase in the number of bonds between carbon and hydrogen within a molecule.
  • Methane
    Simplest hydrocarbon, representing the most reduced form of carbon with only hydrogen bonds and no oxygen bonds.
  • Carbon Dioxide
    Fully oxidized, inorganic form of carbon, lacking any hydrogen atoms and containing maximum bonds to oxygen.
  • Primary Alcohol
    Organic compound where a carbon is bonded to one oxygen atom and two hydrogens, more oxidized than methane.
  • Aldehyde
    Functional group where a carbon is bonded to two oxygen atoms, representing a higher oxidation state than alcohols.
  • Carboxylic Acid
    Functional group with a carbon bonded to three oxygen atoms, indicating a high oxidation state in organic molecules.
  • Hydrocarbon
    Molecule consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms, with oxidation state determined by the number of oxygen bonds.
  • Functional Group
    Specific group of atoms within a molecule responsible for characteristic chemical reactions, such as alcohol or aldehyde.
  • Inorganic Carbon
    Form of carbon not bonded to hydrogen, typically found in fully oxidized states like carbon dioxide.
  • Transformation
    Conversion between different organic compounds, such as from alcohols to aldehydes, often involving oxidation or reduction.
  • Bond to Oxygen
    Connection between a carbon atom and an oxygen atom, whose increase signifies a higher oxidation state.
  • Bond to Hydrogen
    Connection between a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom, whose increase signifies a higher reduction state.
  • Reagent
    Substance used to bring about a chemical transformation, such as facilitating oxidation or reduction in organic reactions.
  • Redox Reaction
    Chemical process involving simultaneous oxidation and reduction, with electron transfer reflected in changes to oxygen or hydrogen bonds.