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An Introduction to Organic Compounds: Nomenclature, Physical Properties, and Structure

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What is Organic Chemistry?

  • Organic molecules in your everyday life.
    02:08
  • Identifying organic molecules
    02:17

Alkane Nomenclature

  • Naming the root chain
    01:02
  • Provide the IUPAC name for the following alkane
    07:08
  • The different parts of an IUPAC name
    03:43

Common Substituents

  • Name the following alkane
    02:33
  • Understanding Non-IUPAC Substituents
    06:42
  • Name the following alkane
    03:56

Constitutional Isomers

  • Isomeric Relationships
    03:28
  • Using the flowchart to determine isometric relationships.
    05:02
  • Isomeric Relationships
    02:56

Octet Rule

  • LCAO model proves why Noble gases are so stable.
    03:48
  • The most important parts of the periodic table for organic chemistry
    02:24
  • How Noble gases are related to the octet rule.
    01:05

Formal Charges

  • Calculate the formal charges of ALL atoms.
    02:21
  • Calculating formal and net charge.
    01:34

Skeletal Structure

  • How bondline is different from Lewis Structures.
    04:03
  • Conversion of ethanol from electron dot to bondline
    01:50

Lewis Structure

  • Drawing the Lewis Structure for N2H4.
    04:12
  • How to use Organic Chemistry to make Lewis Structures easier.
    03:49

Condensed Structural Formula

  • How to draw condensed mixed structures.
    05:21
  • How to interpret condensed structures.
    06:06

Hybridization

  • How carbon creates 4 partially-filled orbitals.
    02:53
  • Bond sites, hybridization, and intermediate orbitals
    04:58
  • Introduction to the reactive intermediates.
    02:47

Molecular Geometry

  • Predict the hybridization and molecular geometry
    01:54
  • Molecular Geometry Explained.
    07:44

Electronegativity

  • Differences between ionic, polar and covalent bonds
    11:33

Acid and Base Definitions

  • Lewis vs. Bronsted-Lowry Definition
    07:46
  • The Bronsted-Lowry definition of acids and bases.
    00:54
  • Equilibrium constant and conjugates.
    02:11

pKa Values

  • Identifying pKa values
    07:45
  • The 12 pKa values you want to memorize (because they are important!).
    09:36

Acid Base Equilibrium

  • The 3 steps for determining the direction of acid and base equilibrium.
    05:11
  • Determining Acid/Base Equilibrium
    04:00
  • Determining Acid/Base Equilibrium
    02:34

Factors Affecting Acidity

  • Which of the oxides is the most basic?
    00:30
  • The 3 factors that determine the strength of inductive effects.
    03:09
  • Using Inductive Effect to determine acidity
    01:54

Overview of Chemical Reactions

  • Recognizing Substitution Reactions.
    01:34
  • Recognizing Acid-Base Reactions.
    02:43
  • Recognizing Elimination Reactions.
    00:40

Reaction Mechanism

  • How to tell if charged molecules will react as nucleophiles or electrophiles.
    02:39
  • Nucleophile or Electrophile
    01:49
  • How to tell if uncharged molecules will react as nucleophiles or electrophiles.
    02:48

Common Substituents

  • Name the following alkane
    02:33
  • Understanding Non-IUPAC Substituents
    06:42
  • Name the following alkane
    03:56

Alkyl Halides

  • How to name alkyl halides
    01:52
  • Name the following alkyl halide
    01:58
  • Name the following alkyl halide
    03:53

Naming Alcohols

  • How to name alcohols
    01:01
  • Name the following compound
    03:59
  • Old school vs. new school naming
    03:03

Ether Nomenclature

  • How to name ethers using the IUPAC naming system.
    02:08
  • How to name ethers using the common naming system.
    01:32
  • Provide the correct common name of the following ether.
    01:22

Naming Amines

  • Naming Primary Amines
    06:50
  • Primary Amines as Substituents
    02:58
  • Naming Secondary and Tertiary Amines
    01:57

Intermolecular Forces

  • How dipole-dipole forces work.
    01:46
  • How IMFs are related to melting and boiling points.
    03:08
  • How Van der Waals forces work.
    03:01

Solubility

  • Introducing common solvents and other molecules in organic chemistry.
    02:01
  • Understanding “like dissolves like”.
    01:47

Conformations

  • Understanding what a conformer is.
    03:29

Newman Projections – Conformational Energy

  • How to draw a Newman Projection Energy Diagram.
    07:27
  • How sigma bond rotation is visualized
    03:11
  • The energy states of 3 different Newman Projections.
    03:51

Newman Projections – Method

  • Step 6 to Drawing Newman Projections
    01:31
  • Step 5 to Drawing Newman Projections
    01:51
  • Step 3 to Drawing Newman Projections
    00:28

Barrier To Rotation

  • 4 Values You Should Memorize
    02:54
  • Determining energy cost of eclipsed interaction
    03:00

Octet Rule

  • LCAO model proves why Noble gases are so stable.
    03:48
  • The most important parts of the periodic table for organic chemistry
    02:24
  • How Noble gases are related to the octet rule.
    01:05

Intermolecular Forces

  • How dipole-dipole forces work.
    01:46
  • How IMFs are related to melting and boiling points.
    03:08
  • How Van der Waals forces work.
    03:01

Alkyl Halides

  • How to name alkyl halides
    01:52
  • Name the following alkyl halide
    01:58
  • Name the following alkyl halide
    03:53

Naming Alcohols

  • How to name alcohols
    01:01
  • Name the following compound
    03:59
  • Old school vs. new school naming
    03:03

Ether Nomenclature

  • How to name ethers using the IUPAC naming system.
    02:08
  • How to name ethers using the common naming system.
    01:32
  • Provide the correct common name of the following ether.
    01:22

Naming Amines

  • Naming Primary Amines
    06:50
  • Primary Amines as Substituents
    02:58
  • Naming Secondary and Tertiary Amines
    01:57

Chirality

  • Drawing Mirror Images and Determining Chirality
    03:24
  • What is chirality?
    05:10
  • Drawing Mirror Images and Determining Chirality
    03:44

Molecular Orbitals

  • Sigma bond vs. pi bond, which is stronger?
    03:25
  • What’s the difference between sigma and pi bonds?
    02:19
  • What’s the difference between atomic and molecular orbitals?
    11:25

Basics of Molecular Orbital Theory

  • Review of Atomic Orbitals
    16:
  • Review of Molecular Orbitals
    08:41

Aromaticity - Introduction

  • Intro to Aromaticity
    08:19

Four Tests of Aromaticity

  • Four tests
    10:23

Intro to Pericyclic Reactions

  • Properties and Types of Pericyclic Reactions
    07:37

Thermal Cycloaddition Reactions

  • Determining Favorability of HOMOb to LUMOa
    04:23
  • MO Theory of Thermal Cycloadditions
    13:22

Photochemical Cycloaddition Reactions

  • MO Theory of Photochemical Cycloadditions
    09:36
  • Cycloadditions Summary Chart
    08:29

Thermal Electrocyclic Reactions

  • MO Theory of Thermal Electrocyclics
    06:36
  • Predicting Electrocyclic Products
    08:11

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions

  • Predicting Electrocyclic Products
    05:44
  • MO Theory of Photochemical Electrocyclics
    04:49

Introduction to Sigmatropic Shifts

  • Definition of Sigmatropic Shifts
    03:51
  • Nomenclature of Sigmatropic Shifts
    03:20

Cope Rearrangement

  • Definition of Cope Rearrangement
    06:28

Claisen Rearrangement

  • When is Enol Tautomer Favored?
    03:15
  • Definition of Claisen Rearrangement
    06:08
  • Predict the Product
    05:41

Radical Initiators

  • What are Radical Initiators?
    03:49
  • Heterolytic vs. Homolytic Bond Cleavage .
    04:39

Radical Stability

  • The radical stability trend.
    03:43
  • Determine which of the following radicals is the most stable.
    03:25

Radical Chain Reaction

  • The one reaction that alkanes will actually undergo.
    02:05
  • Explaining the following problem.
    00:34
  • Show the entire chain reaction mechanism.
    04:08

Radical Selectivity

  • Predict the Product.
    00:48
  • Predict the Product.
    01:02
  • Using the Hammond Postulate to describe radical chlorination.
    03:03

Radical Polymerization

  • General features of Radical Polymerization.
    02:44
  • The mechanism of Radical Polymerization.
    03:28
  • Use the polymerization mechanism to draw the polymer formula for the following compound.
    02:20

Conformations

  • Understanding what a conformer is.
    03:29

Skeletal Structure

  • How bondline is different from Lewis Structures.
    04:03
  • Conversion of ethanol from electron dot to bondline
    01:50

Chair Flip

  • The 3 important factors when drawing chairs
    05:12

Cyclohexane – Chairs and Positions

  • What is a chair conformation?
    01:05
  • How chairs flip from one conformation to another
    02:22
  • How chairs flip from one conformation to another
    04:26

1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance - General Features

  • General NMR Features
    10:06

1H NMR - Integration

  • 1H NMR Integration
    06:46
  • Draw Complete NMR Spectrum
    04:29

Optical Activity

  • Specific rotation vs. observed rotation.
    05:43

Types of Stereoisomers

  • Determine total number of stereoisomers
    00:49
  • How to predict the total number of stereoisomers.
    01:03
  • Draw stereoisomers and determine relationship
    07:41