Rhetorical Grammar: Grammatical Choices, Rhetorical Effects, 8th edition

PART I. The Structure of Sentences

1. A Review of Words and Phrases
   • Chapter Preview
   • Open Classes
   • Nouns and Verbs
   • The Noun Phrase
   • The Verb Phrase
   • NP + VP = S
   • Adjectives and Adverbs
   • Prepositional Phrases
   • Key Terms
2. Sentence Patterns
   • Chapter Preview
   • Rhetorical Effects
   • The Be Patterns
   • The Linking Verb Pattern
   • The Intransitive Verb Pattern
   • The Basic Transitive Verb Pattern
   • Transitive Patterns with Two Complements
   • Sentence Pattern Summary
   • The Optional Adverbial
   • Questions and Commands
   • Punctuation and the Sentence Patterns
   • Basic Patterns in Prose
   • The Short Paragraph
   • Key Terms
   • Rhetorical Reminders
   • Punctuation Reminder
3. Our Versatile Verbs
   • Chapter Preview
   • The Expanded Verb
   • Using the Expanded Verbs
   • Special Uses of the Present Tense
   • Other Auxiliaries
   • Do-Support
   • Modal Auxiliaries
   • The Passive Voice
   • Forms of the Passive Voice
   • Using the Passive Voice
   • The Missing Agent
   • Well-Chosen Verbs: Showing, Not Telling
   • Key Terms
   • Rhetorical Reminders
4. Coordination and Subordination
   • Chapter Preview
   • Coordination within the Sentence
   • Parallel Structure
   • Coordination of the Series
   • Climax
   • Coordination with Correlative Conjunctions
   • Subject-Verb Agreement
   • Compound Sentences
   • Conjunctive Adverbs and Transitional Phrases
   • Compound Sentences with Semicolons
   • Compound Sentences with Colons
   • Punctuation Pitfalls
   • The Compound Sentence: Punctuation Review
   • Subordination: The Dependent Clauses
   • Effective Coordination and Subordination
   • Key Terms
   • Rhetorical Reminders
   • Punctuation Reminders

PART II. Making Choices: Form and Function

5. Choosing Adverbials
   • Chapter Preview
   • The Movable Adverbials
   • Adverb Phrases
   • Prepositional Phrases
   • The Proliferating Prepositional Phrase
   • Noun Phrases
   • Verb Phrases
   • Dependent Clauses
   • Punctuation of Adverbial Clauses
   • The Movability of Adverbial Clauses
   • The Because-Clause Myth
   • The Elliptical Adverbial Clause
   • Key Terms
   • Rhetorical Reminders
   • Punctuation Reminders
6. Choosing Adjectivals
   • Chapter Preview
   • The Noun Phrase
   • Preheadword Modifiers
   • Determiners
   • Adjectives and Nouns
   • Modifier Noun Proliferation
   • Postheadword Modifiers
   • Prepositional Phrases
   • Adjective Phrases
   • Participial Phrases
   • The Prenoun Participle
   • The Movable Participial Phrase
   • The Dangling Participle
   • Relative Clauses
   • The Relatives
   • The Broad-Reference Clause
   • Punctuation of Phrases and Clauses
   • A Punctuation Rule Revisited
   • Key Terms
   • Rhetorical Reminders
   • Punctuation Reminders
7. Choosing Nominals
   • Chapter Preview
   • Appositives
   • Colons and Dashes with Appositives
   • Avoiding Punctuation Errors
   • The Sentence Appositive
   • Nominal Verb Phrases
   • Gerunds
   • The Dangling Gerund
   • The Subject of the Gerund
   • Infinitives
   • Nominal Clauses
   • Nominals as Delayed Subjects
   • Key Terms
   • Rhetorical Reminders
   • Punctuation Reminders
8. Other Stylistic Variations
   • Chapter Preview
   • Style
   • Absolute Phrases
   • The Coordinate Series
   • Repetition
   • Word-Order Variation
   • Ellipsis
   • Antithesis
   • The Deliberate Fragment
   • Key Terms
   • Rhetorical Reminders
   • Punctuation Reminders

PART III. Controlling the Message

9. Cohesion
   • Chapter Preview
   • Reader Expectation
   • Repetition
   • The Known–New Contract
   • The Role of Pronouns
   • Personal Pronouns
   • Demonstrative Pronouns
   • The Role of the Passive Voice
   • Other Sentence Inversions
   • Parallelism
   • Parallelism and Repetition versus Redundancy and Wordiness
   • Key Terms
   • Rhetorical Reminders
10. Sentence Rhythm
    • Chapter Preview
    • Your Sense of Rhythm
    • End Focus
    • Controlling Rhythm
    • The It-Cleft
    • The What-Cleft
    • The There-Transformation
    • Transitional Phrases and Conjunctive Adverbs
    • Power Words
    • Adverbials of Emphasis
    • The Common Only
    • Correlative Conjunctions
    • Key Terms
    • Rhetorical Reminders
    • Punctuation Reminder
11. The Writer’s Voice
    • Chapter Preview
    • Tone
    • Diction
    • Metaphor
    • Verbs and Formality
    • Nominalized Verbs and Abstract Subjects
    • Contractions
    • Metadiscourse
    • Point of View
    • Key Terms
    • Rhetorical Reminders
    • Punctuation Reminders

PART IV. Your Way with Words

12. Words and Word Classes
    • Chapter Preview
    • Your Lexicon
    • Parts of Speech
    • The Open Classes
    • Nouns
    • Plural-Only Forms
    • Collective Nouns
    • Proper Nouns
    • Verbs
    • Adjectives
    • Adverbs
    • Derivational Affixes
    • The Closed Classes
    • Determiners
    • Auxiliaries
    • Qualifiers
    • Prepositions
    • Particles
    • Conjunctions
    • Pronouns
    • Personal Pronouns
    • The Missing Pronoun
    • Case Errors
    • The Unwanted Apostrophe
    • The Ambiguous Antecedent
    • Reflexive Pronouns
    • Intensive Pronouns
    • Reciprocal Pronouns
    • Demonstrative Pronouns
    • Indefinite Pronouns
    • The Everyone/Their Issue
    • Key Terms
    • Rhetorical Reminders
    • Punctuation Reminders

PART V. Punctuation

13. Punctuation: Its Purposes and Its Rhetorical Effects
    • Chapter Preview
    • The Purposes of Punctuation Marks
    • Syntax
    • Prosody
    • Semantics
    • Open and Close Punctuation
    • The Rhetorical Effects of Punctuation
    • Key Terms

Glossary of Punctuation

Glossary of Terms

Bibliography

Answers to the Exercises

Index