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- Complete this map, which presents some major concepts from this chapter.
Problem 1
Problem 2
Which correctly matches a hormone to the gland from which it is produced and to its effect on target cells?
a. Thyroid hormone: Anterior pituitary, regulates metabolism
b. Prolactin: Anterior pituitary, raises blood calcium levels
c. Androgens: Thyroid, promotes male characteristics
d. None of the choices are correct.
Problem 3
The body is able to maintain a relatively constant level of thyroid hormone in the blood because
a. Thyroid hormone stimulates the pituitary to secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
b. Thyroid hormone inhibits the secretion of TSH-releasing hormone (TRH) from the hypothalamus.
c. TRH inhibits the secretion of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland.
d. Thyroid hormone stimulates the hypothalamus to secrete TRH.
- Explain how the hypothalamus controls body functions through its action on the pituitary gland. How does control of the anterior and posterior pituitary differ?
Problem 4
- List three ways endocrine glands are stimulated to release hormones.
Problem 5
- In a glucose tolerance test, periodic measurements of blood glucose level are taken after a person drinks a glucose-rich solution. Using the hypothetical graph below, compare and contrast the results of the test for the diabetic and the healthy individual.
Problem 6
- If a person has a pituitary tumor that is oversecreting TSH, would this person be likely to have goiter as a symptom? Explain.
Problem 7
Problem 8
Which two of the hormones listed below act upon the body with similar functions? Explain.
a. Glucagon
b. Oxytocin
c. Glucocorticoids
d. ADH
Problem 9
A strain of mice remains healthy as long as they are fed regularly. After they eat, their blood glucose level rises slightly and then declines to a homeostatic level. However, when these mice fast or exercise, their blood glucose drops dangerously. Which hypothesis best explains their problem? (Explain your choice.)
a. The mice have insulin-dependent diabetes.
b. The mice lack insulin receptors on their cells.
c. The mice lack glucagon receptors on their cells.
d. The mice cannot synthesize glycogen from glucose.
Problem 10
The results of Tyrone Hayes's experiments (Module 26.3) were published in a top peer-reviewed journal, yet the validity of his experiments has since been challenged. Using external sources, find out who has challenged the results.