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Polyatomic Ions quiz

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  • What is a polyatomic ion?
    A polyatomic ion is a tightly bound group of different elements that possesses an overall charge, which can be positive or negative.
  • What are polyatomic oxyanions?
    Polyatomic oxyanions are negatively charged polyatomic ions that contain oxygen.
  • How many oxygens are in trioxides and what is a memory trick for them?
    Trioxides have 3 oxygens, and they form the letter 'T' on the periodic table as a memory trick.
  • Which elements commonly form tetraoxides and how many oxygens do they have?
    Phosphorus and sulfur commonly form tetraoxides, which have 4 oxygens each.
  • How do you determine the charge of trioxides based on their group in the periodic table?
    Starting from group 3A, trioxides have a charge of -3, group 4A have -2, and group 5A have -1.
  • What are the names and formulas for the common trioxides?
    Borate (BO3^3-), carbonate (CO3^2-), nitrate (NO3^-), and silicate (SiO3^2-).
  • What are the names and formulas for the common tetraoxides?
    Phosphate (PO4^3-) and sulfate (SO4^2-).
  • What happens to the name and formula of a polyatomic ion when you decrease the number of oxygens by one?
    The ending changes from -ate to -ite, but the overall charge stays the same.
  • What is the charge on all halogen oxyanions (oxyanions containing halogens)?
    All halogen oxyanions have a -1 charge.
  • How does the number of oxygens affect the naming of halogen oxyanions?
    Four oxygens use the prefix 'per-' and suffix '-ate', three oxygens use '-ate', two use '-ite', and one uses the prefix 'hypo-' and suffix '-ite'.
  • What is the only major polyatomic ion with a +1 charge you need to know?
    The ammonium ion, NH4^+.
  • What is the formula and charge for the mercury(I) ion?
    The mercury(I) ion is Hg2^2+, consisting of two Hg^+ ions bonded together.
  • Name three 'other' tetraoxides and their formulas.
    Permanganate (MnO4^-), chromate (CrO4^2-), and oxalate (C2O4^2-).
  • What is the formula for cyanide and how does it differ from cyanate?
    Cyanide is CN^-, while cyanate is OCN^- (or CNO^-), which includes an oxygen.
  • What are two common ways to write the formula for the acetate ion?
    Acetate can be written as C2H3O2^- or CH3COO^-.