Question 1

Which of the following is NOT an example of cis-regulation of gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Morphogen

Question 2

Consider the genetic pathway: BIO1 $$\rightarrow$$ PCA $$\rightarrow$$ KAPA $$\dashv$$ BIO5 $$\rightarrow$$ BIO3 $$\dashv$$ DAPA $$\rightarrow$$ BIO4. What is the effect of overexpression of PCA on the expression of BIO4?

Accepted Answer

Decrease

Question 3

A growing tumor abnormally turns on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and releases it to promote blood vessel growth towards itself. What type of signaling is being used here?

Accepted Answer

Conditional – morphogenic

Question 4

Which of the following is more common in euchromatic regions?

Accepted Answer

Histone acetylation

Question 5

In zebrafish, Ybx1 is a protein that binds to maternal mRNAs and blocks them from being translated until they are ready. What type of sequence in the mRNA is Ybx1 binding to?

Accepted Answer

Riboswitch

Question 6

Which of the following is TRUE regarding epigenetic regulation?

Accepted Answer

It can influence gene regulation without altering the DNA sequence.

Question 7

A mutant protein complex leads to a reduction in histone acetylation and an increase in DNA methylation in a specific genomic region. What would you predict would happen to the transcription of genes in that region?

Accepted Answer

Decrease in transcription

Question 8

In a mouse with maternal imprinting of the Igf2 gene (Insulin growth factor 2), which allele is typically expressed?

Accepted Answer

The paternally inherited allele.

Question 9

Prader-Willi (PW) syndrome genes are maternally imprinted and Angelman (A) syndrome genes are paternally imprinted. A patient is born with a deletion of both the PW and A genes on the paternally inherited chromosome. What is the expected disease state?

Accepted Answer

Angelman Syndrome

Question 10

Gene A is a maternally imprinted gene. There are 3 known alleles: $$A_1$$, $$A_2$$, and $$A_3. $$Consider the family pedigree shown in the image. Which alleles will be expressed in Generation II?

Accepted Answer

In II-1, $$A_1$$ will be expressed; in II-2, $$A_2$$ will be expressed.

Question 11

BRCA1 is a tumor suppressor gene involved in DNA repair. A person inherits one mutated BRCA1 allele from a parent. Which statement best explains their cancer risk?

Accepted Answer

They have inherited a predisposition because only one additional mutation to BRCA1 is needed for loss of function.

Question 12

Which of the following virus types does not need to infect the nucleus of the host cell?

Accepted Answer

RNA viruses

Question 13

Why are the envelope proteins essential for retroviruses but can be lost in LTR retrotransposons?

Accepted Answer

The envelope proteins code for the retrovirus bypassing the cell membrane, which retrotransposons don’t need to do

Question 14

HIV infects CD4+ T cells primarily. Would a transfer of CCR5-$$\Delta32 T $$lymphocytes be sufficient to cause the same resistance phenotype as a bone marrow transplant? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

No, because the virus will still be able to infect and multiply in the endogenous T cells as they are replenished. The bone marrow transplant would replace the stem cells and stop replenishing the vulnerable endogenous T cells.

Question 15

Which of the following protein names is shorthand for RNA-dependent DNA polymerase?

Accepted Answer

Reverse transcriptase

Question 16

Mammal microbiome bacteria can only affect gene expression in the gut cells of their host.

Accepted Answer

FALSE

Genetic Imprinting and Allele Expression in a Pedigree

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