Examine the following figure and answer the following questions.
How many clades are shown in the figure?

Question

Examine the following figure and answer the following questions.

How many clades are shown in the figure?

Accepted Answer

Hi, everyone. Welcome back. Let's look at our next problem. It says the confidence of a particular branch on a philo genetic tree can be estimated by using. So we're thinking about how likely is it that the particular branch diagram we've drawn is the correct representation of the evolutionary relationships. And there's actually a method for calculating this and we look at our answer choices that's going to be choice a bootstrap analysis. So let's recall from our content content video that bootstrap analysis is a re sampling method to estimate the reliability of a philo genetic tree branch. And the way this works is that you end up creating multiple replicate data sets by randomly sampling the original data. Then new Phil a genetic trees are constructed using those batches of replicate data. Using the same method you used to construct your original fill a genetic branch. Now that you have your new trees from these replicate datasets, you look at these villa genetic trees you've constructed and you ask, how often does the particular branch are interested in appear in the resulting trees? And then the percent of times that that branch appears is the bootstrap value And in general, if its value is high, so greater than 70%, that indicates strong support for the reliability of the branch you're interested in. If it's less than 50%, it's low. Um that indicates weak reliability of that particular branch. So that's our method for, for estimating the confidence that you can be sure that a particular branch is correct on your pillow genetic tree. So let's look at our other answer choices to understand why they're not correct. Choice B is randomization test. And randomization test is a statistical test in which you randomly shovel the data to test a null hypothesis. The null hypothesis being that there's no significant difference between groups of data that any differences are due to random chance. So obviously, that's not gonna be appropriate for looking at our pillow genetic tree and seeing if a branch is correct. So randomization test won't be our answer. Choice. E is chi square analysis. And this is when you run across a lot in looking at numerical data, it's the statistical tests that test association, the association between variables um looks to see whether the differences between them are statistically significant and how they correlate with a predicted model. Um But again, we're not talking about um a dataset making up a bunch of numbers here. Instead, we're looking at these relationships on a philo genetic tree. So that's why choice C is not correct. And finally, we have choice, the, the quadrant test. And the quadrant test is a statistical test to determine is the distribution of points or objects random. And this contest spatial patterns and ecology. So are the distribution of individuals in this population random? And that is used to test the spatial patterns, but we're looking at a philo genetic tree, not spatial distribution. So that's why choice D is not the correct choice here. So again, the confidence of a particular branch on a biogenetic tree can be estimated by using choice a bootstrap analysis. See you in the next video.

Examine the following figure and answer the following questions.

How many clades are shown in the figure?

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

Key Concepts

Clade

Phylogenetic Tree

Node