BackIntermolecular Forces and Physical Properties definitions
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1/14BackSkip to main contentBackIntermolecular Forces
Attractive interactions between molecules that determine the strength of association and influence physical properties. Physical Properties
Measurable characteristics such as boiling point, melting point, surface tension, and viscosity that describe matter. Boiling Point
Temperature where liquid and gas phases are in equilibrium, with vaporization and condensation occurring simultaneously. Melting Point
Temperature at which solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium, marking the transition between solid and liquid states. Surface Tension
Cohesive force at a liquid's surface caused by molecular attractions, allowing phenomena like insects walking on water. Viscosity
Resistance of a substance to flow; higher values indicate slower movement, as seen in substances like honey. Vapor Pressure
Pressure exerted by a gas above its liquid in equilibrium; inversely related to the strength of molecular attractions. Equilibrium
State where two phases coexist with balanced rates of transition, such as liquid-gas or solid-liquid systems. Cohesive Force
Attraction between like molecules within a substance, contributing to phenomena like surface tension. Condensation
Process where gas molecules lose energy and transition to the liquid phase, often at the same temperature as vaporization. Vaporization
Transition of molecules from the liquid phase to the gas phase, occurring at the boiling point. Hydrogen Bonding
Strong type of intermolecular attraction, especially significant in water, enhancing surface tension and other properties. Freezing
Transition from liquid to solid, occurring at the same temperature as melting but in the reverse direction. Temperature
Measure of thermal energy influencing phase changes, viscosity, and the balance between molecular attractions.
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