During sympathetic stimulation, a person may begin to feel 'on edge'; this is the result of
(a) Increased energy metabolism by muscle tissue
(b) Increased cardiovascular activity
(c) Stimulation of the reticular activating system
(d) Temporary insensitivity to painful stimuli
(e) Decreased levels of epinephrine in the blood

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Understand the context of sympathetic stimulation, which is part of the 'fight or flight' response controlled by the autonomic nervous system. This response prepares the body to react to stress or danger.

Step 2: Review each option in relation to the physiological effects of sympathetic stimulation. For example, increased energy metabolism by muscle tissue (option a) and increased cardiovascular activity (option b) are common effects, but consider which directly relates to feeling 'on edge'.

Step 3: Recognize that the reticular activating system (RAS) is involved in regulating wakefulness and alertness. Sympathetic stimulation can activate the RAS, leading to heightened alertness or feeling 'on edge' (option c).

Step 4: Evaluate the other options: temporary insensitivity to pain (option d) can occur but is less directly related to feeling 'on edge'; decreased levels of epinephrine (option e) contradict the typical increase in epinephrine during sympathetic activation.

Step 5: Conclude that the feeling of being 'on edge' during sympathetic stimulation is best explained by the stimulation of the reticular activating system, which increases alertness and arousal.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Sympathetic Nervous System Activation

The sympathetic nervous system triggers the 'fight or flight' response, preparing the body for action by increasing heart rate, energy availability, and alertness. This activation causes physiological changes that make a person feel 'on edge' or alert.

Reticular Activating System (RAS)

The reticular activating system is a network in the brainstem that regulates wakefulness and attention. Stimulation of the RAS increases alertness and awareness, contributing to the feeling of being 'on edge' during sympathetic activation.

Cardiovascular and Metabolic Responses

Sympathetic stimulation increases cardiovascular activity and energy metabolism in muscles to support rapid physical responses. These changes enhance blood flow and energy supply, but the sensation of being 'on edge' is more directly linked to neural alertness mechanisms.