Skip to main content
Ch.11 Nuclear Chemistry
McMurry - Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry 8th Edition
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
모든 교과서McMurry 8th EditionCh.11 Nuclear Chemistry문제 9
11장, 문제 9

A 1.00 mL sample of red blood cells containing chromium-51 as a tracer was injected into a patient. After several hours, a 5.00 mL sample of blood was drawn and its activity compared to the activity of the injected tracer sample. If the collected sample activity was 0.10% of the original tracer, calculate the total blood volume of the patient (see the Chemistry in Action 'Medical Uses of Radioactivity,' p. 338).

검증된 단계별 안내
1
Step 1: Understand the problem. The goal is to calculate the total blood volume of the patient using the dilution principle. The activity of the tracer in the collected blood sample is 0.10% of the original tracer activity, and the relationship between the activity and the blood volume can be used to determine the total blood volume.
Step 2: Write the dilution equation. The dilution equation is based on the principle that the total activity of the tracer remains constant. The equation is: C1V1 = C2V2, where C1 and V1 are the concentration and volume of the original tracer sample, and C2 and V2 are the concentration and volume of the diluted sample (the patient's total blood volume).
Step 3: Express the relationship between the concentrations. Since the activity of the collected sample is 0.10% of the original tracer activity, we can write: C2 = 0.001 × C1. Substitute this into the dilution equation.
Step 4: Rearrange the equation to solve for the total blood volume (V2). The equation becomes: V2 = (C1V1) / C2. Substitute C2 = 0.001 × C1 into the equation, which simplifies to: V2 = V1 / 0.001.
Step 5: Substitute the known values into the equation. The volume of the original tracer sample (V1) is 1.00 mL. Substitute this value into the equation: V2 = 1.00 / 0.001. Perform the division to find the total blood volume of the patient.

비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:

이 영상 해법은 위 문제에 도움이 된다고 튜터들이 추천한 것입니다.
영상 길이:
3m

주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Radioactive Tracers

Radioactive tracers are substances that emit radiation and are used in medical diagnostics to track biological processes. In this context, chromium-51 serves as a tracer to monitor the distribution and volume of blood in the patient. By measuring the radioactivity of the blood sample, healthcare professionals can infer the total blood volume based on the known activity of the injected tracer.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:52
Measuring Radioactivity Concept 1

Dilution Principle

The dilution principle states that the concentration of a substance decreases as it is distributed in a larger volume. In this scenario, the activity of the tracer in the drawn blood sample is a fraction of the original activity, allowing for the calculation of the total blood volume. By knowing the initial volume of the tracer and its activity, one can determine how much blood is present in the patient based on the diluted activity measured.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
00:58
Dilutions

Activity Measurement

Activity measurement refers to the quantification of radioactive decay events occurring in a sample over time, typically expressed in counts per minute (CPM) or becquerels (Bq). In this case, the activity of the blood sample is compared to the original tracer's activity to assess how much of the tracer remains in the bloodstream. This comparison is crucial for calculating the total blood volume based on the proportion of tracer activity detected.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:52
Measuring Radioactivity Concept 1
관련 실천
교과서 질문

A β-emitting radiation source gives 250 units of radiation at a distance of 4.0 m. At what distance does the radiation drop to one-tenth its original value?

1810
views
1
rank
교과서 질문

A solution of selenium-75, a radioisotope used in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease, is found just prior to administration to have an activity of 44 μCi/mL. If 3.98 mL were delivered intravenously to the patient, what dose of Se-75 (in μCi) did the patient receive?

2415
views
교과서 질문

A typical chest X ray exposes a patient to an effective dose of 0.02 mSv. How many rem is this, and how many chest X rays would a patient have to receive before biological effects would be observed? (The limit from Table 11.6 is >25 rem.)

1919
views
교과서 질문

The red arrow in the graph (see margin) indicates the changes that occur in the nucleus of an atom during a nuclear reaction. Identify the isotopes involved as product and reactant, and name the type of decay process.

1838
views