Draw the straight-chain isomer with the formula (b) C9H20.

Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

McMurry - Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry 8th Edition

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McMurry 8th Edition

Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

문제 3b

12장, 문제 3b

Draw the straight-chain isomer with the formula (b) C₉H₂₀.

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Understand the problem. The molecular formula C₉H₂₀ represents an alkane, as it follows the general formula for alkanes, CₙH₂ₙ₊₂. A straight-chain isomer means the carbon atoms are connected in a continuous chain without branching.

Step 2: Determine the number of carbon atoms. Since the formula is C₉H₂₀, there are 9 carbon atoms in the molecule. Arrange these carbon atoms in a straight chain.

Step 3: Add hydrogen atoms to satisfy the valency of each carbon atom. Each carbon atom forms 4 bonds. Ensure that the total number of hydrogen atoms adds up to 20, as specified in the molecular formula.

Step 4: Verify the structure. Count the total number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in the structure to ensure it matches the molecular formula C₉H₂₀. Also, confirm that all carbons have 4 bonds and hydrogens have 1 bond.

Step 5: Draw the structure. Represent the straight-chain isomer by writing the carbon atoms in a line and attaching the appropriate number of hydrogen atoms to each carbon. For example, the structure can be written as CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₃.

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주요 개념

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Isomerism

Isomerism refers to the phenomenon where two or more compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements or spatial orientations. In the case of C₉H₂₀, isomers can differ in the connectivity of carbon atoms, leading to variations in their physical and chemical properties.

Straight-Chain Hydrocarbons

Straight-chain hydrocarbons are organic compounds consisting of carbon atoms connected in a linear arrangement, with hydrogen atoms filling the remaining valences. For C₉H₂₀, the straight-chain isomer would be nonane, which has nine carbon atoms in a continuous chain, representing the simplest structural form of this molecular formula.

Structural Representation

Structural representation involves depicting the arrangement of atoms within a molecule, often using line-angle formulas or condensed structural formulas. For C₉H₂₀, drawing the straight-chain isomer requires accurately illustrating the nine carbon atoms and their associated hydrogen atoms to convey the molecule's structure clearly.