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Ch.16 Amines
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Matter and Measurements27
- Ch.2 Atoms and the Periodic Table20
- Ch.3 Ionic Compounds8
- Ch.4 Molecular Compounds23
- Ch.5 Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions12
- Ch.6 Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships28
- Ch.7 Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rate and Equilibrium64
- Ch.8 Gases, Liquids and Solids24
- Ch.9 Solutions52
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases25
- Ch.11 Nuclear Chemistry22
- Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes57
- Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds47
- Ch.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a Halogen50
- Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch.16 Amines42
- Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives57
- Ch.18 Amino Acids and Proteins82
- Ch.19 Enzymes and Vitamins63
- Ch.20 Carbohydrates44
- Ch.21 The Generation of Biochemical Energy65
- Ch.22 Carbohydrate Metabolism45
- Ch.23 Lipids42
- Ch.24 Lipid Metabolism33
- Ch.25 Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism24
- Ch.26 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis45
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
16장, 문제 36a
Give names or structures for the following ammonium salts. Indicate whether each is the ammonium salt of a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine.
a. 
검증된 단계별 안내1
Step 1: Understand the structure of ammonium salts. Ammonium salts are ionic compounds formed when an amine reacts with an acid, resulting in the protonation of the nitrogen atom in the amine to form an ammonium ion (R₃N⁺H or R₂NH₂⁺, etc.).
Step 2: Analyze the given structure (IMAGE) to identify the organic groups (R groups) attached to the nitrogen atom. Count the number of organic groups and hydrogen atoms bonded to the nitrogen to determine if the amine is primary (RNH₂), secondary (R₂NH), or tertiary (R₃N).
Step 3: Name the ammonium ion. Use the names of the organic groups attached to the nitrogen, followed by the word 'ammonium.' For example, if the groups are methyl (CH₃), the name would be 'methylammonium' for a primary amine, 'dimethylammonium' for a secondary amine, or 'trimethylammonium' for a tertiary amine.
Step 4: Identify the counterion (anion) in the salt. The counterion is derived from the acid used in the reaction. For example, if the acid is hydrochloric acid (HCl), the counterion will be chloride (Cl⁻). Combine the ammonium ion name with the counterion to name the salt (e.g., methylammonium chloride).
Step 5: Indicate the type of amine (primary, secondary, or tertiary) based on the number of organic groups attached to the nitrogen atom. This classification is important for understanding the reactivity and properties of the compound.
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주요 개념
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Ammonium Salts
Ammonium salts are ionic compounds formed from the protonation of ammonia (NH3) or amines, where the nitrogen atom carries a positive charge. These salts typically consist of a positively charged ammonium ion (NH4+) and a negatively charged anion. They are commonly used in various applications, including fertilizers and pharmaceuticals.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
1:04
Drawing Ammonium Salts Concept 2
Amines Classification
Amines are classified based on the number of carbon groups attached to the nitrogen atom. Primary amines have one carbon group, secondary amines have two, and tertiary amines have three. This classification affects the properties and reactivity of the amines, which in turn influences the characteristics of the corresponding ammonium salts.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
1:26Amine Classification Concept 1
Protonation and Salt Formation
Protonation is the process by which a base, such as an amine, gains a proton (H+) to form a positively charged ion. In the context of ammonium salts, this process leads to the formation of the ammonium ion. Understanding protonation is crucial for determining the structure and classification of the resulting ammonium salts based on the original amine.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
00:50Ionic Salts
관련 실천
교과서 질문
Draw the structures of the ammonium ions formed when the amines in Problem 16.30 are treated with acid.
a. N-Methylpentylamine
b. N-Ethylcyclobutylamine
c. p-Propylaniline
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교과서 질문
Give names or structures for the following ammonium salts. Indicate whether each is the ammonium salt of a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine.
c. N-Butyl-N-isopropylhexylammonium chloride
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교과서 질문
Give names or structures for the following ammonium salts. Indicate whether each is the ammonium salt of a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine.
a.
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교과서 질문
Name the following amines, and identify them as primary, secondary, or tertiary:
b.
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교과서 질문
Draw the structures corresponding to the following names:
a. N-Methylpentylamine
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