What is Content and Language Integrated Learning?

Joanna Wiseman
Joanna Wiseman
A teacher sat at a table with young students working together
Reading time: 4 minutes

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) is an approach where students learn a subject and a second language at the same time. A science course, for example, can be taught to students in English and they will not only learn about science, but they will also gain relevant vocabulary and language skills.

It’s important to note that CLIL is not a means of simplifying content or reteaching something students already know in a new language. CLIL courses should truly integrate the language and content in order to be successful – and success is determined when both the subject matter and language is learned.

Who is CLIL for?

CLIL can work for students of any age, all the way from primary level to university and beyond. So long as the course content and language aims are designed with the students’ needs in mind, there is no limit as to who can benefit from this teaching approach. However, it is most commonly found in primary and secondary school contexts.

What are the main benefits of CLIL?

Many teachers see CLIL as a more natural way to learn a language; when a subject is taught in that language there is a concrete reason to learn both at the same time. And as students have a real context to learn the language in, they are often more motivated to do so, as they can only get the most of the content if they understand the language around it.

Moreover, being content focused, CLIL classes add an extra dimension to the class and engage students, which is especially advantageous in situations where students are unenthusiastic about learning a language.

CLIL also promotes a deeper level of assimilation, as students are repeatedly exposed to similar language and language functions, and they need to produce and recall information in their second language.

Furthermore, it has the advantage that multiple subjects can be taught in English, so that students’ exposure to the language is increased and their language acquisition is faster.

CLIL also encourages students to develop 21st century skills, including the ability to think critically, be creative, communicate and collaborate. 

What are the challenges of CLIL?

As CLIL is subject-focused, language teachers may also have to develop their own knowledge of new subjects in order to teach effectively.

They must also structure classes carefully so that the students understand the content of the lesson, as well as the language through which the information is being conveyed.

And when it comes to classroom management, educators need to be very aware of individual student understanding and progress.

It’s therefore important to consistently concept check and scaffold the materials to be sure both the language and content are being learned.

How can you apply CLIL to your class?

It’s important to have a strategy in place when applying CLIL in your courses. One of the key things to remember is that the language and subject content are given equal weight and that it shouldn’t be treated as a language class nor a subject class simply taught in a foreign language.

According to Coyle’s 4Cs curriculum (1999), a successful CLIL class should include the following four elements:

  • Content – Progression in knowledge, skills and understanding related to specific elements of a defined curriculum
  • Communication – Using language to learn whilst learning to use language
  • Cognition – Developing thinking skills which link concept formation (abstract and concrete), understanding and language
  • Culture – Exposure to alternative perspectives and shared understandings, which deepen awareness of otherness and self

Using a number of frameworks can help you prepare your lessons and make sure activities are challenging yet achievable for your learners.

Bloom’s Taxonomy, for example, classifies learning objectives in education and puts skills in a hierarchy, from Lower Order Thinking Skills (LOTS) to Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS).

In the diagram below, you can see the levels increasing in complexity from the base up to the triangle’s peak.

The framework shows how different tasks relate to different levels of assimilation. It’s fairly intuitive, but applying this information to your lesson preparation is not always so straightforward.

That’s where the helpful Blooming Verbs list comes in. The following chart shows you how different verbs can correlate to the different stages in the taxonomy, allowing you to formulate questions and design activities that develop your CLIL classes in a logical way.

By using the verbs in the first column you’ll see how much they remember about a topic you have covered previously. Examples might include:

  • Can you name three different types of jungle animal?
  • Can you tell me how often a python eats food?
  • Can you describe what it’s like in the rainforest?

You can then do the same for the subsequent stages of the taxonomy.

The verb chart can also help you design a class project or series of activities that follow a logical sequence using the “Students will be able to…” (SWBAT) framework. This will help you set clear objectives and check progress towards the end of a class, series of classes or course.

Here’s an example of how you can develop a set of objectives using the verb columns to help you navigate Bloom’s Taxonomy:

  1. SWBAT name 10 different animals that live in the rainforest
  2. SWBAT predict what animals eat
  3. SWBAT complete a simple food chain
  4. SWBAT categorize animals into different classifications (mammal, reptile, fish etc.)
  5. SWBAT recommend ways to protect an endangered species
  6. SWBAT create a new habitat for an endangered species of their choice

In this way you will be able to scaffold your materials to ensure that your students are supported step by step while learning subject matter and achieving language learning objectives.

More blogs from Pearson

  • Two women outside studying and smiling
    How to keep students motivated during intensive summer English courses
    By Richard Cleeve
    Reading time: 5 minutes

    Intensive summer English courses can be exciting, fast-paced and highly rewarding for both learners and teachers. Adult learners and teens often arrive motivated and enthusiastic, ready to improve their English skills quickly. However, it can be challenging to maintain student engagement over long study hours during the summer months.

    With warm weather, holidays and distractions competing for students’ attention, educators need effective strategies to keep learners focused, motivated and actively participating throughout the course.

    Here are eight practical ways to motivate students during intensive summer English courses.

    1. Start the course strong

    The first class sets the tone for the entire course. Students form early impressions about the learning environment, classroom expectations and teaching style, so it’s important to begin with energy, structure and clear objectives.

    For teen learners, establish classroom expectations early by creating class rules together or developing a collaborative class contract. This helps build accountability while creating a positive learning environment.

    For adult learners, ensure students leave the first lesson feeling they have already learned something valuable. Icebreakers and communicative activities are important, but learners should also experience meaningful progress from day one.

    A strong start builds trust, confidence and long-term motivation.

    2. Personalize the learning experience

    One of the best ways to improve student engagement in English language learning is through personalization.

    Take time to learn about your students':

    • Interests and hobbies
    • Academic goals
    • Professional ambitions
    • Travel or study plans
    • Preferred learning styles

    Use surveys, discussion activities or learner profiles early in the course to gather information. You can then tailor lessons, projects and speaking tasks to topics students genuinely care about.

    When learners see content connected to their personal lives and future goals, their motivation increases naturally.

  • Man working in office looking at papers
    How the Slate and PTE partnership is streamlining admissions for greater efficiency
    By Alice Bazzi
    Reading time: 4 minutes

    Admissions teams today are under increasing pressure to ensure the application process is done quickly, fairly and at scale, without compromising integrity or student experience. As international applicant volumes increase and digital processes become the norm, efficiency across admissions workflows has never been more critical. 

    That is why the recent partnership between Slate and PTE aims to simplify the process of receiving, reviewing and trusting English language test results. 

    A shared focus on admissions efficiency 

    Slate is widely used by higher education institutions across the United States to manage the full student lifecycle, from initial inquiry through enrollment. Admissions teams rely on Slate to centralize data, reduce manual processes and support informed decision-making at speed.

    Through the Slate and PTE partnership, PTE scores are integrated directly into admissions workflows, reducing friction for admissions officers and eliminating unnecessary administrative steps. Rather than navigating multiple systems or manually verifying results, admissions teams can access PTE scores while decisions are already being made.

    Reducing manual work and administrative burden

    One of the biggest challenges admissions teams face is losing time to manual processes, such as downloading score reports, checking authentication, uploading files or reconciling data across platforms.

    By integrating PTE into Slate:

    • English test results are received directly within the admissions platform
    • Manual entry and document handling are reduced
    • Verification becomes simpler and more reliable
    • Processing time per application is shortened

    This directly supports admissions teams who are managing high application volumes with limited resources, enabling them to focus less on administration and more on applicant evaluation. 

    Faster, more confident decision-making

    Speed matters, but confidence matters just as much. Admissions teams need to trust the data they’re working with, especially when making conditional offers or final decisions.

    Having PTE results embedded within Slate allows admissions officers to:

    • Review scores quickly and consistently
    • Make faster decisions without leaving their workflow
    • Reduce delays caused by missing or manually-uploaded documentation
    • Maintain consistency across admissions teams and cycles

    The result is a smoother review experience that supports both operational efficiency and institutional standards.

    A better experience for admissions teams and students

    Streamlined admissions workflows don’t just benefit institutions; they improve the experience for students too.

    When systems work together:

    • Applicants face fewer delays and follow‑ups
    • Admissions communication becomes clearer and more timely
    • Offer turnaround times are reduced
    • Institutions present a more modern, efficient admissions experience

    This joined‑up approach helps institutions remain competitive, responsive and student‑focused,  particularly when engaging international applicants navigating complex admissions requirements. 

    Supporting innovation in admissions operations

    Beyond efficiency gains, the Slate and PTE partnership reflects a broader commitment to innovation in admissions operations.

    By integrating trusted English proficiency data into established institutional workflows, the partnership supports:

    • Scalable admissions processes
    • Greater consistency across decision‑making
    • Reduced operational risk
    • Long‑term efficiency as application volumes grow

    For admissions teams, this means future‑ready systems designed to evolve with changing recruitment and enrolment needs. 

    Streamlining admissions with Slate and PTE

    The partnership between Slate and PTE is built on a shared understanding of what admissions teams need most: clarity, efficiency, and confidence.

    By bringing English test scores directly into admissions workflows, institutions can reduce complexity, streamline operations and deliver faster, more reliable outcomes, all while maintaining the integrity and trust that admissions decisions demand.

  • People looking at a laptop discussing what they see
    Preparing your learners for university study abroad
    By Charlotte Guest
    Reading time: 5 minutes

    Studying abroad offers an exciting opportunity for students to explore new cultures, enhance their language skills and pursue further education. However, preparing for university abroad can be stressful and overwhelming, particularly for those leaving home for the first time.

    Educators are crucial in ensuring students feel ready, confident and equipped for international study. They support learners through academic guidance and emotional encouragement, helping build the skills necessary for success abroad.

    Why preparing students for study abroad matters

    Many learners focus mainly on getting accepted into a university. However, success abroad requires much more than good grades. Students must also adapt to a new education system, manage independent living and communicate in a different cultural environment.

    Without preparation, students may struggle with:

    • Culture shock
    • Homesickness
    • Academic pressure
    • Budgeting and financial management
    • Language barriers
    • Time management

    Providing support before students leave can improve confidence and help learners settle into university life more quickly.