Ideas using festive literature in your English language classes

Sam Colley
A group of teenagers reading together in a library smiling
Reading time: 5 minutes

The holiday season is a magical time to bring festive cheer and rich cultural traditions into your English language classroom. Classic holiday stories and poems not only capture the spirit of the season but also provide excellent opportunities for language learning. In this blog post, we'll suggest some timeless holiday literature and explore how they can be effectively used in the classroom to enhance your students' language skills and allow you to make the most of these festive texts.

Classic holiday stories and poems

A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens

This novella tells the story of Ebenezer Scrooge, a miserly old man who is visited by the ghosts of Christmas Past, Present and Yet to Come. Through these supernatural visits, Scrooge learns the importance of kindness, generosity and the true holiday spirit.

How to use in the classroom:

  • Reading comprehension: Assign chapters to read in class or as homework. Discuss key events and character developments.
  • Vocabulary building: Highlight and define challenging vocabulary words. Create flashcards or vocabulary quizzes.
  • Role-playing: Have students act out scenes to practice speaking and improve their understanding of the dialogue.
  • Creative writing: Ask students to write a diary entry from the perspective of Scrooge at different points in the story.

Discussion questions:

- What are the main reasons for Scrooge's initial behavior?
- How do the visits from the ghosts change Scrooge’s perspective on life?
- What lessons can we learn from "A Christmas Carol" about the true meaning of Christmas?
 

Ideas using festive literature in your English language classes
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The Gift of the Magi by O. Henry

This short story revolves around a young couple, Jim and Della, who are very much in love but also very poor. They each sacrifice their most prized possession to buy a Christmas gift for the other, only to find that their gifts are now useless. Their acts of love and sacrifice highlight the true meaning of giving.

How to use in the classroom:

  • Reading aloud: Read the story together in class, focusing on pronunciation and intonation.
  • Discussion: Engage students in a discussion about the themes of love and sacrifice. Ask questions like, "What would you be willing to sacrifice for someone you love?"
  • Irony exploration: Discuss the concept of irony and how it is used in the story. Have students identify other examples of irony in literature or real life.
  • Creative projects: Encourage students to create a comic strip or storyboard depicting the key events of the story or ask them to write an alternative ending to the story.

Discussion questions:

- What do Jim and Della’s sacrifices tell us about their relationship?
- How does the story illustrate the concept of irony?
- What is the true gift that Jim and Della give each other?

Twas the Night Before Christmas by Clement Clarke Moore

This classic poem describes the magical visit of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus) on Christmas Eve. Its vivid imagery and rhythmic verses make it a delightful read for students of all ages.

How to use in the classroom:

  • Choral reading: Read the poem aloud as a class, with students taking turns to read different stanzas. Focus on expression and fluency.
  • Vocabulary activities: Identify and define unfamiliar words. Create a festive word wall with these terms.
  • Illustration project: Have students illustrate scenes from the poem and create a class display. This can help with comprehension and visualization.
  • Role-playing: Encourage students to act out the poem, with some playing the roles of St. Nicholas and others as the narrator or reindeer.
Discussion questions:

- How does the poem create a sense of anticipation and excitement?
- What details does the poet use to describe Santa Claus and his reindeer?
- How does the poem reflect the traditions and customs of Christmas?

While not everyone will celebrate the holiday season, there are other stories and poems that reflect the mood of the season that you could look at as part of your English language lessons instead.

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening by Robert Frost

This poem describes a quiet, contemplative moment in which the speaker stops to watch snow falling in the woods. The serene and reflective mood captures the peacefulness of winter.

How to use in the classroom:

  • Poetry analysis: Analyze the poem's structure, rhyme scheme and imagery. Discuss how these elements contribute to the overall mood.
  • Listening activity: Have students listen to a recording of the poem and follow along with the text. Focus on pronunciation and rhythm.
  • Imagery discussion: Ask students to describe the images that come to mind when they read the poem. Encourage them to draw or paint these scenes.
  • Writing exercise: Have students write their own winter-themed poems, using Frost's poem as inspiration.

Discussion questions:

- What images does Frost use to create a sense of peace and quiet?
- How does the rhyme scheme contribute to the overall mood of the poem?
- What might the speaker be contemplating as he stops to watch the snow?

The Mitten by Jan Brett

It tells the story of a young boy named Nicki who loses one of his white mittens in the snow. As the mitten lies on the ground, various woodland animals, one by one, find the mitten and squeeze inside it to stay warm. The mitten stretches to accommodate each new animal, growing larger and larger. Eventually, a bear sneezes, causing all the animals to tumble out and Nicki finds his mitten again.

How to use in the classroom:

  • Vocabulary building: Teach the names of the animals in the story, introduce vocabulary related to winter clothing and highlight verbs associated with the animals' actions.
  • Story sequencing: Create cards with pictures of the animals in the order they enter the mitten. Have students arrange the cards in the correct sequence, encouraging them to retell the story in their own words, using the sequencing cards as prompts.
  • Listening activities: Read the story aloud and have students listen for specific words or phrases. They can raise their hands or hold up picture cards when they hear the target words.
  • Role-playing: Assign roles to students and have them act out the story. This helps with practicing dialogue and expression.

Discussion questions:

- Which animal surprised you the most when it entered the mitten and why?
- Can you describe a time when you lost something important? How did you feel and what did you do?
- How do you think the mitten changed after all the animals were inside it?

Incorporating festive literature into your English language teaching can make the holiday season more enjoyable and educational for your students. By using classic holiday stories and poems, you can help students improve their language skills while also exploring important themes and traditions. These timeless pieces of literature offer rich opportunities for reading comprehension, vocabulary building, creative expression and cultural exploration. We hope these suggestions inspire you to bring some holiday cheer into your classroom this December. 

See our blog on Creative writing exercises for English language learners for some more hints and tips on English language learning.

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