5 STEAM myths debunked

Sarah Hillyard
A teacher sat with students reading
Reading time: 4 minutes

STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Maths) sounds like an overwhelming combination of subjects to teach – and only suitable for expert educators. But the reality is doing STEAM is simpler than you think. Here are 5 common STEAM myths and the truth behind them. We also outline a number of simple activities you try with your students.

1. STEAM requires a lot of time

STEAM projects encourage curiosity, creativity and collaboration in the classroom – but they have a reputation for being preparation-heavy and for requiring a lot of teaching time and energy.

But to get the full benefit of STEAM, there’s no need to plan out a full-blown project that lasts a whole month. In fact, you might integrate just one STEAM lesson into your syllabus. Or a lesson could contain a one-off 10-minute STEAM challenge. 

Here are some easy, low-preparation challenges your classes can take part in: 

10-minute STEAM challenges:

  • Winter unit: How tall can you build a snowman using paper cups? 
  • Shapes theme: Using five toothpicks make a pentagon, two triangles, a letter of the alphabet. 
  • Bug project: Can you create a symmetrical butterfly?

2. You need fancy materials to do STEAM

The biggest misconception is around technology. When you think of STEAM, you might imagine you need apps, computers, tablets and robots to teach it successfully. It’s true that you will certainly find STEAM challenges out there that involve extensive supply lists, expensive equipment, knowledge of programming and robotics. 

However, in reality, you probably have everything you need already. Technology doesn’t have to be expensive or complicated. It can refer to simple, non-electronic tools and machines, too. Think funnels, measuring cups and screwdrivers, for example. You can use low-cost regular classroom or household items and recyclable materials that learners' families can donate. Toilet paper rolls and cardboard boxes are very popular items in STEAM.

Here is a low-tech activity you can try: 

Combine engineering, art and math using cardboard and a pair of scissors

This challenge involves creating 3D self-portrait sculptures in the cubist style using only cardboard. First, teach about parts of the face by observing and analyzing some Cubist portraits (eg, explore Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso). Then have learners cut out cardboard shapes and make slits in them to attach together. They create their self-portrait sculptures by fitting the pieces together using the slits so that the final product will stand by itself. Display the self-portraits and talk about them.

3. STEAM is targeted to older learners

Young children are naturally curious about the world around them, and STEAM experiences begin very early in life. They explore with their senses and test their hypotheses about the world, just like scientists do. Much of their play is based on engineering skills, such as building houses with LEGO®  bricks. They learn to manipulate tools while they develop their fine motor skills and their awareness of non-electronic technology. They use dramatic play and enjoy getting their hands full of paint while engaged in art. They learn about maths concepts very early on, such as size (big and small toys), quantities of things, and even babies start using the word “more” if they’re still hungry. 

Check out this simple STEAM experiment to learn about plants and their needs. 

How do plants eat and drink? 

Have students put water and food dye in a pot. Put a white flower in the water. Ask students to guess what will happen. 

After a few days, students should check their flowers and observe how it has changed color. They must then record their results. Extend the experiment by asking if they can make their flowers two colors.

Example from English Code Student's Book

4. You have to be an expert to teach STEAM

Educators widely believed that teaching STEAM requires having expertise in all these disciplines. In reality, while some basic knowledge about the concepts and processes behind the challenges is ideal, it is up to you to decide what you feel comfortable teaching.

What’s really important is that the learners master the skills behind STEAM, that is collaboration, critical thinking, creativity and inquiry. Rather than being an expert, the teacher needs to facilitate learning and discovery. 

Here’s a simple activity to demonstrate this:

Building a ramp

In this activity, your students will build ramps to test how toys roll/slide down them. This activity covers the following disciplines:

  • Physics: the science involved in creating a stable structure and moving objects
  • Technology: using a simple machine that allows objects to move
  • Engineering and design: planning and building structures to achieve a result
  • Mathematics: reasoning about distance and numbers

Find out more about this ramp challenge in our next STEAM blog (coming soon). 

5. You either teach STEAM or teach your curriculum

Some teachers think that you have to stop teaching your regular lessons to do STEAM. However, this is not the case. It’s key to think of ways to connect the challenges with themes and units of work that you plan to teach and integrate them. STEAM can coexist with literacy programs, mindfulness programs or anything else you are teaching. 

Here’s an example:

Shadow projector project

If you’re teaching a unit on Space and Planets, make a shadow projector. 

Have learners cover one end of a cardboard tube with some thick transparent tape. They should then draw a star, planet, sun or moon on the tape with a permanent marker. Next, have them shine a flashlight through the tubes in your darkened classroom and describe the night sky. They can explore how to make the sky items bigger or smaller by moving the source of light.  

Read our posts 'How to improve literacy in the classroom' and 'How to teach students to be global citizens'.

Explore our courses and exams

More blogs from Pearson

  • Students working outside at a wooden bench looking over papers
    Re-engaging learners after the mid-term slump
    By Charlotte Guest
    Reading time: 7 minutes

    Midway through a language course, many teachers observe a common shift: students who were eager to participate at the start become less active and find it harder to initiate speaking activities.

    This phase, known as the mid-term slump, is a typical part of the learning process. As the novelty wears off, workloads increase and students may struggle to see their progress. However, effective teaching strategies can quickly boost motivation again; by modifying classroom activities, reconnecting with students’ motivations and realigning goals, teachers can help students regain their interest in language learning. Here are practical methods for language educators to re-engage students after any mid-semester decline.

    How do you recognize the mid-term slump in language learning?

    Look out for these common signs of the mid-term slump:

    • Reduced participation in speaking activities
    • Lower homework completion rates
    • Less willingness to take risks when speaking
    • A noticeable drop in classroom energy

    Recognizing these signs early allows teachers to introduce new strategies that help students regain focus and motivation.

    Why do students lose interest mid-term?

    Students often experience falls in motivation, enthusiasm and engagement halfway through a course as the initial excitement of learning something new fades, especially if progress feels slow. Although they may be steadily improving, students can easily get frustrated when they cannot yet communicate fluently. Any combination of the following factors can cause or exacerbate a mid-term slump, and understanding them helps teachers respond effectively.

    1. The novelty effect wears off

    At the start of a course, everything feels new and exciting. By mid-semester, routines are established and lessons can begin to feel repetitive.

    2. Cognitive fatigue

    Language learning requires sustained mental effort. After weeks of learning new vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation, students may feel mentally tired.

    3. Unclear progress

    Many students struggle to recognize how much they have improved. If learners cannot see their progress, they may believe they are not advancing.

    4. Competing priorities

    Mid-semester often coincides with exams or assignments in other subjects, which can shift students’ attention away from language study. Acknowledging these challenges helps teachers design strategies that address motivation directly.

    Strategies for keeping students interested in language learning

    Small changes to classroom routines can make a big difference in engagement. The strategies below are especially effective during the second half of a course.

    1. Reset learning goals with students

    Mid-semester is an ideal time to revisit learning objectives. Ask students what they hope to achieve before the course ends.

    For example, learners might aim to:

    • Hold a five-minute conversation
    • Master a set number of vocabulary words
    • Improve pronunciation confidence

    Clear, short-term goals help restore motivation and give students something concrete to work toward.

    2. Introduce gamified review activities

    Games bring energy back into the classroom while reinforcing key concepts.

    Examples include:

    • Vocabulary competitions
    • Quiz-based team challenges
    • Role-playing scenarios
    • Language trivia games

    Gamified activities provide a review without feeling repetitive, which helps combat routine fatigue.

    3. Rotate collaborative learning formats

    Changing how students interact can refresh classroom dynamics.

    Consider introducing:

    • Pair interviews
    • Small group debates
    • Rotating conversation partners
    • Problem-solving tasks in the target language

    These formats encourage social learning, which increases participation and confidence.

    4. Connect lessons to real-world language use

    Students stay motivated when they see how language skills apply outside the classroom.

    Try activities such as:

    • Analyzing song lyrics or film clips
    • Planning a fictional trip abroad
    • Ordering food through role-play scenarios
    • Discussing current events

    Real-world contexts make language learning more meaningful and memorable

    5. Revisit student learning preferences

    Different students engage with language in different ways. A mid-semester check-in can help teachers adapt lessons.

    Ask learners questions like:

    • What classroom activities help you remember vocabulary best?
    • When do you feel most confident speaking?
    • What topics would you like to discuss in class?

    This feedback allows teachers to adjust instruction and create more engaging lessons.

    6. Celebrate small progress milestones

    Students often underestimate their improvement.

    Highlighting progress can boost confidence and motivation. Teachers might:

    • Recognize vocabulary milestones
    • Celebrate improved pronunciation
    • Showcase successful conversations
    • Track weekly progress charts

    Acknowledging growth reminds students that their effort is paying off.

    Brain-based strategies that boost engagement

    Research on learning and cognition shows that certain teaching techniques improve motivation and retention.

    Novelty: Introducing new formats, topics or activities stimulates attention and curiosity.

    Social learning: Students learn more effectively when interacting with peers through discussion and collaboration.

    Movement: Short physical activities or role-playing exercises can re-energize learners and improve focus.

    Spaced practice: Reviewing material regularly in smaller sessions helps students retain vocabulary and grammar more effectively.

    Applying these principles can help sustain engagement throughout the semester.

    Questions teachers can ask to re-engage learners

    Mid-term feedback helps teachers understand what students need to stay motivated.

    Consider asking students:

    • Which classroom activities help you learn the most?
    • What part of language learning feels most challenging right now?
    • What topics would you enjoy discussing in class?
    • What skills would you like to improve before the course ends?
    • What type of practice helps you remember vocabulary best?

    These conversations strengthen teacher-student relationships and ensure lessons meet learners’ needs.

    How SMART goals help restore momentum

    One effective way to overcome the mid-term slump is to set SMART goals, objectives that are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound.

    For example:

  • A teacher looking at a laptop with two female students
    Why learn and love grammar in the digital age?
    By Jennifer Recio Lebedev
    Reading time: 5 minutes

    Back in 2023, I gave my first piano recital. Despite having played since childhood, I had limited performance experience. A string of negative self-talk held me back in the past:

    •  I’m bad at performing.
    • I can’t play for other people.

    But then I did it. I sat down at the baby grand, alone on the stage with my teacher in the wings, watching. My performance was not perfect, but I got through it…and my music was met with applause and positive comments afterwards. I have continued to perform each year and although I still get nervous, I know I am improving. The difference is that I am talking and thinking differently about myself and my music. This allows me to perform better.

    Does this make you wonder how much more some English language students could achieve if they let go of their anxiety, dislike and other limiting beliefs about studying and using grammar?

  • A teachr pointing at a workbook on a table inbetween two students
    Common mistakes teachers make and how to avoid them
    By Charlotte Guest
    Reading time: 5 minutes

    Teaching is a profession built on reflection. Even the most experienced educators occasionally look back at a lesson and think, “I could have done that better.” The truth is that mistakes are not a sign of failure; they are a powerful source of professional growth.

    There are many common mistakes teachers make. When newer language teachers recognize them early on, it can prevent ineffective habits from becoming routine. Whereas when experienced educators revisit these common mistakes, it can reveal subtle patterns that affect student engagement and learning. See if you recognize any of these common mistakes – and then learn techniques and strategies to avoid them.

    Why recognizing teaching mistakes accelerates professional growth

    The best teachers treat mistakes as diagnostic tools. Instead of asking “Did this lesson work?” they ask more useful questions:

    • What evidence shows that students understood the concept?
    • Who participated and who stayed silent?
    • Which activities generated genuine communication?

    This reflective approach is the foundation of professional development for teachers. When teachers regularly evaluate their methods, they move from simply delivering lessons to practicing responsive teaching, adapting instruction based on student needs in real time.

    In other words, the goal isn’t perfection. It’s continuous improvement.