Test-taking strategies for adult ESOL students

A adult teacher sat down with two older students talking to them
Reading time: 2 minutes

Although test-taking is an important part of education in the United States, it's also a source of anxiety and stress for students and teachers alike. In the case of ELLs (English Language Learners), many factors pose challenges to their test-taking success. In this blog post, we will discuss strategies to ensure ESOL students succeed in taking the new and more rigorous CASAS STEPS assessment series.

Inspire a positive classroom mindset

Adult ESOL instructors often have a strong rapport with their students. They are mindful of the challenges students face in their new American lives – challenges such as immigration status, family situation, financial and housing status, which might deter them from fully focusing on their studies. Compassion and a positive classroom mindset are powerful tools for long-term academic success.

One way for teachers to cultivate confidence in students is by celebrating their victories – big or small – such as a student passing their driver's license test, making an MSG (Measurable skill gain) in the CASAS STEPS, or even just increasing their test score at all. 

Clarify testing information

Another step to help students succeed while testing is demystifying tests. Many adult ESOL students might not be familiar with standardized testing at all. In addition, students (especially those in lower NRS level classes) might encounter language barriers in testing terminology.

To help reduce test anxiety, teachers can explain the ins and outs of the CASAS STEPS ahead of time. For instance, how long students have for each session, how many questions there are in each portion, what the scores mean and what they don't mean (a low score will not remove them from their class or program).

Practice, Pratice, Practice 

Providing students with regular practice exercises is a great tool to combat fear of the unknown. Teaching with the test in mind, instructors can include a daily warm-up listening question or two at the beginning of class that relates to the day's lesson topic and/or provide a daily timed "exit ticket" reading question (both can be found in the FUTURE series books and accompanying MyEnglishLab.) so they can practice time management skills for test tasking.

Encourage self-care

While mental preparation is crucial, feeling physically comfortable and having basic needs met makes concentrating on tests a lot easier. According to Harvard, getting a good night's sleep is one of the keys to testing well.

Eating nutritious food, avoiding sugar, and drinking plenty of water are equally important measures. The temperature in the testing rooms can play a role in students' comfort and ability to focus; teachers can remind students to bring sweaters or wear layers and comfortable clothes.

The CASAS STEPS, along with most standardized assessments, is a test of mental and physical endurance. Preparation makes a direct impact on their scores. Developing students' confidence and growth mindset, clearly communicating test information, providing plenty of opportunities to practice with the FUTURE series and MyEnglishLab, and encouraging self-care will help students achieve higher results. What other test-taking strategies do you use with your students? 

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    Midway through a language course, many teachers observe a common shift: students who were eager to participate at the start become less active and find it harder to initiate speaking activities.

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    At the start of a course, everything feels new and exciting. By mid-semester, routines are established and lessons can begin to feel repetitive.

    2. Cognitive fatigue

    Language learning requires sustained mental effort. After weeks of learning new vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation, students may feel mentally tired.

    3. Unclear progress

    Many students struggle to recognize how much they have improved. If learners cannot see their progress, they may believe they are not advancing.

    4. Competing priorities

    Mid-semester often coincides with exams or assignments in other subjects, which can shift students’ attention away from language study. Acknowledging these challenges helps teachers design strategies that address motivation directly.

    Strategies for keeping students interested in language learning

    Small changes to classroom routines can make a big difference in engagement. The strategies below are especially effective during the second half of a course.

    1. Reset learning goals with students

    Mid-semester is an ideal time to revisit learning objectives. Ask students what they hope to achieve before the course ends.

    For example, learners might aim to:

    • Hold a five-minute conversation
    • Master a set number of vocabulary words
    • Improve pronunciation confidence

    Clear, short-term goals help restore motivation and give students something concrete to work toward.

    2. Introduce gamified review activities

    Games bring energy back into the classroom while reinforcing key concepts.

    Examples include:

    • Vocabulary competitions
    • Quiz-based team challenges
    • Role-playing scenarios
    • Language trivia games

    Gamified activities provide a review without feeling repetitive, which helps combat routine fatigue.

    3. Rotate collaborative learning formats

    Changing how students interact can refresh classroom dynamics.

    Consider introducing:

    • Pair interviews
    • Small group debates
    • Rotating conversation partners
    • Problem-solving tasks in the target language

    These formats encourage social learning, which increases participation and confidence.

    4. Connect lessons to real-world language use

    Students stay motivated when they see how language skills apply outside the classroom.

    Try activities such as:

    • Analyzing song lyrics or film clips
    • Planning a fictional trip abroad
    • Ordering food through role-play scenarios
    • Discussing current events

    Real-world contexts make language learning more meaningful and memorable

    5. Revisit student learning preferences

    Different students engage with language in different ways. A mid-semester check-in can help teachers adapt lessons.

    Ask learners questions like:

    • What classroom activities help you remember vocabulary best?
    • When do you feel most confident speaking?
    • What topics would you like to discuss in class?

    This feedback allows teachers to adjust instruction and create more engaging lessons.

    6. Celebrate small progress milestones

    Students often underestimate their improvement.

    Highlighting progress can boost confidence and motivation. Teachers might:

    • Recognize vocabulary milestones
    • Celebrate improved pronunciation
    • Showcase successful conversations
    • Track weekly progress charts

    Acknowledging growth reminds students that their effort is paying off.

    Brain-based strategies that boost engagement

    Research on learning and cognition shows that certain teaching techniques improve motivation and retention.

    Novelty: Introducing new formats, topics or activities stimulates attention and curiosity.

    Social learning: Students learn more effectively when interacting with peers through discussion and collaboration.

    Movement: Short physical activities or role-playing exercises can re-energize learners and improve focus.

    Spaced practice: Reviewing material regularly in smaller sessions helps students retain vocabulary and grammar more effectively.

    Applying these principles can help sustain engagement throughout the semester.

    Questions teachers can ask to re-engage learners

    Mid-term feedback helps teachers understand what students need to stay motivated.

    Consider asking students:

    • Which classroom activities help you learn the most?
    • What part of language learning feels most challenging right now?
    • What topics would you enjoy discussing in class?
    • What skills would you like to improve before the course ends?
    • What type of practice helps you remember vocabulary best?

    These conversations strengthen teacher-student relationships and ensure lessons meet learners’ needs.

    How SMART goals help restore momentum

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    For example: