Textbook Question
Label the parts of the human respiratory system.
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Ch. 22 Gas Exchange
Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan10th EditionCampbell Biology: Concepts & ConnectionsISBN: 9780136538783
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 Biology: The Study of Scientific Life19
- Ch. 2 The Chemical Basis of Life17
- Ch. 3 The Molecules of Cells21
- Ch. 4 A Tour of the Cell20
- Ch. 5 The Working Cell17
- Ch. 6 How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy18
- Ch. 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food15
- Ch. 8 The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance22
- Ch. 9 Patterns of Inheritance17
- Ch. 10 Molecular Biology of the Gene13
- Ch. 11 How Genes Are Controlled13
- Ch. 12 DNA Technology and Genomics23
- Ch. 13 How Populations Evolve17
- Ch. 14 The Origin of Species19
- Ch. 15 Tracing Evolutionary History18
- Ch. 16 Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists16
- Ch. 17 The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity15
- Ch. 18 The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity13
- Ch. 19 The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity18
- Ch. 20 Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function11
- Ch. 21 Nutrition and Digestion16
- Ch. 22 Gas Exchange16
- Ch. 23 Circulation17
- Ch. 24 The Immune System16
- Ch. 25 Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance20
- Ch. 26 Hormones and the Endocrine System10
- Ch. 27 Reproduction and Embryonic Development12
- Ch. 28 Nervous Systems10
- Ch. 29 The Senses12
- Ch. 30 How Animals Move19
- Ch. 31 Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction9
- Ch. 32 Plant Nutrition and Transport12
- Ch. 33 Control Systems in Plants15
- Ch. 34 The Biosphere: An Introduction to Earth's Diverse Environments15
- Ch. 35 Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment12
- Ch. 36 Population Ecology15
- Ch. 37 Communities and Ecosystems14
- Ch. 38 Conservation Biology14
Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan10th EditionCampbell Biology: Concepts & ConnectionsISBN: 9780136538783Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 22, Problem 5
When you inhale, the diaphragm
a. Relaxes and moves upward.
b. Relaxes and moves downward.
c. Contracts and moves upward.
d. Contracts and moves downward.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of the diaphragm in breathing: The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle located below the lungs. It plays a crucial role in the process of inhalation and exhalation by changing the volume of the thoracic cavity.
Recall the mechanics of inhalation: During inhalation, the thoracic cavity needs to expand to allow air to flow into the lungs. This expansion is achieved by the diaphragm's movement and the intercostal muscles.
Determine the diaphragm's action during inhalation: The diaphragm contracts during inhalation, which causes it to flatten and move downward. This increases the volume of the thoracic cavity and decreases the pressure inside, allowing air to flow into the lungs.
Eliminate incorrect options based on the diaphragm's movement: Options that describe the diaphragm relaxing or moving upward are incorrect because relaxation occurs during exhalation, not inhalation.
Select the correct answer: The correct description of the diaphragm's action during inhalation is that it contracts and moves downward.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Diaphragm Function
The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle located at the base of the thoracic cavity. During inhalation, it contracts and moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and allowing air to flow into the lungs. Understanding this function is crucial for grasping how breathing mechanics operate.
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Functional Groups
Inhalation Process
Inhalation is the process of taking air into the lungs, which occurs when the diaphragm contracts and moves downward. This contraction creates a negative pressure in the thoracic cavity, drawing air in through the respiratory tract. Recognizing this process is essential for understanding respiratory physiology.
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Pressure Changes in Breathing
Breathing involves changes in pressure within the thoracic cavity. When the diaphragm contracts and moves downward, the volume of the cavity increases, leading to a decrease in pressure relative to the outside atmosphere. This pressure differential is what drives air into the lungs during inhalation.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
When you hold your breath, which of the following first leads to the urge to breathe?
a. Falling CO2
b. Falling O2
c. Falling pH of the blood
d. Rising pH of the blood
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Textbook Question
Countercurrent gas exchange in the gills of a fish
a. Maintains a gradient that enhances diffusion.
b. Enables the fish to obtain oxygen without swimming.
c. Means that blood and water flow at different rates.
d. Allows O2 to diffuse against its partial pressure gradient.
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Textbook Question
In which of the following organisms does oxygen diffuse directly across a respiratory surface to cells, without being carried by the blood?
a. A grasshopper
b. A whale
c. An earthworm
d. A mouse
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Textbook Question
What is the function of the cilia in the trachea and bronchi?
a. To sweep air into and out of the lungs
b. To increase the surface area for gas exchange
c. To dislodge food that may have slipped past the epiglottis
d. To sweep mucus with trapped particles up and out of the respiratory tract
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Textbook Question
What do the alveoli of mammalian lungs, the gill filaments of fish, and the tracheal tubes of insects have in common?
a. Use of a circulatory system to transport gases
b. Respiratory surfaces that are infoldings of the body wall
c. Countercurrent exchange
d. A large, moist surface area for gas exchange
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