Your bone cells, muscle cells, and skin cells look different because
a. Each cell contains different kinds of genes.
b. They are present in different organs.
c. Different genes are active in each kind of cell.
d. They contain different numbers of genes.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that all cells in an organism contain the same DNA, meaning they have the same set of genes. This is a fundamental concept in biology known as genomic equivalence.
2. Recognize that the differences in appearance and function between bone cells, muscle cells, and skin cells are not due to differences in the genes they contain, but rather how those genes are expressed.
3. Learn that gene expression refers to the process by which information from a gene is used to produce a functional product, such as a protein. Not all genes are active (expressed) in every cell type.
4. Realize that specific genes are turned on or off in different cell types depending on the cell's function. For example, muscle cells express genes related to contraction, while bone cells express genes related to mineralization.
5. Conclude that the correct answer is related to the regulation of gene activity, as different genes are active in each kind of cell, allowing them to perform specialized functions.

Key Concepts

Gene Expression

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, typically proteins. Different cells express different sets of genes, leading to the production of specific proteins that determine the cell's structure and function. This selective expression is crucial for the differentiation of various cell types, such as bone, muscle, and skin cells.

Cell Differentiation

Cell differentiation is the process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type. During development, stem cells undergo differentiation to form various cell types, each with distinct functions and characteristics. This process is influenced by gene expression patterns, which dictate the specific proteins produced in each cell type.

Genetic Regulation

Genetic regulation refers to the mechanisms that control the expression of genes within a cell. This regulation can occur at various levels, including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational stages. Factors such as transcription factors, enhancers, and silencers play a role in determining which genes are active in a given cell type, contributing to the diversity of cell functions and appearances.