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Ch. 6 - Applications of Integration
Briggs - Calculus: Early Transcendentals 3rd Edition
Briggs3rd EditionCalculus: Early TranscendentalsISBN: 9780136847243Not the one you use?Change textbook
All textbooksBriggs 3rd EditionCh. 6 - Applications of IntegrationProblem 6.R.42b
Chapter 6, Problem 6.R.42b

Two methods The region R in the first quadrant bounded by the parabola y = 4-x² and coordinate axes is revolved about the y-axis to produce a dome-shaped solid. Find the volume of the solid in the following ways:


b. Apply the shell method and integrate with respect to x.

Verified step by step guidance
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Identify the region R bounded by the parabola \(y = 4 - x^{2}\) and the coordinate axes in the first quadrant. Since we are in the first quadrant, \(x\) ranges from 0 to the point where the parabola meets the x-axis, which is found by solving \(4 - x^{2} = 0\).
Set up the shell method formula for volume when revolving around the y-axis. The volume \(V\) is given by the integral \(V = \int_{a}^{b} 2\pi \cdot (\text{radius}) \cdot (\text{height}) \, dx\), where the radius is the distance from the y-axis (which is \(x\)) and the height is the function value \(y = 4 - x^{2}\).
Determine the limits of integration \(a\) and \(b\). Since the region is bounded between \(x=0\) and the x-intercept of the parabola, \(b\) is the positive root of \(4 - x^{2} = 0\), which is \(x=2\).
Write the integral explicitly: \(V = \int_{0}^{2} 2\pi x (4 - x^{2}) \, dx\). This integral represents the volume of the solid formed by revolving the region around the y-axis using the shell method.
To find the volume, expand the integrand and integrate term-by-term with respect to \(x\) over the interval \([0, 2]\). After integrating, evaluate the definite integral at the limits to express the volume.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Shell Method for Volume

The shell method calculates the volume of a solid of revolution by summing cylindrical shells. Each shell's volume is approximated by its circumference times height times thickness. When revolving around the y-axis, shells are vertical slices parallel to the axis, integrated with respect to x.
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Setting up the Integral with Respect to x

To use the shell method with respect to x, identify the radius as the distance from the y-axis (x), the height as the function value y = 4 - x², and the thickness as dx. The integral bounds correspond to the x-values where the region exists, here from 0 to 2.
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Region Bounded by the Parabola and Axes

The region R lies in the first quadrant bounded by y = 4 - x², the x-axis, and the y-axis. Understanding these boundaries helps determine the limits of integration and the shape of the solid formed when revolved around the y-axis.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

Comparing volumes Let R be the region bounded by y=1/x^p and the x-axis on the interval [1, a], where p>0 and a>1 (see figure). Let Vₓ and Vᵧ be the volumes of the solids generated when R is revolved about the x- and y-axes, respectively.


d. Find a general expression for Vᵧ in terms of a and p. Note that p=2 is a special case. What is Vᵧ when p=2?

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Textbook Question

Spring work


b. It takes 50 N of force to stretch a spring 0.2 m from its equilibrium position. How much work is needed to stretch it an additional 0.5 m?

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Textbook Question

An area function Consider the functions y = x²/a and y = √x/a, where a>0. Find A(a), the area of the region between the curves.

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Textbook Question

Pumping water A water tank has the shape of a box that is 2 m wide, 4 m long, and 6 m high.


b. If the water in the tank is 2 m deep, how much work is required to pump the water to a level of 1 m above the top of the tank?

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Textbook Question

An oscillator The acceleration of an object moving along a line is given by a(t) = 2 sin πt/4. The initial velocity and position are v(0)= −8/π and s(0)=0.

 a. Find the velocity and position for t≥0.

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Textbook Question

27–33. Multiple regions The regions R₁,R₂, and R₃ (see figure) are formed by the graphs of y = 2√x,y = 3−x,and x=3.


Find the volume of the solid obtained by revolving region R₂ about the y-axis.

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