BackDNA as the Genetic Material definitions
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1/15BackSkip to main contentBackGenetic Material
Molecule responsible for storing, transmitting, and replicating hereditary information in living organisms. Tetranucleotide Hypothesis
Early idea proposing a repetitive, simple structure for DNA, leading to doubts about its informational capacity. Avery-MacLeod-McCarty Experiment
1944 study demonstrating that DNA, not protein or RNA, transforms non-infectious viruses into infectious ones. Hershey-Chase Experiment
1952 experiment using labeled bacteriophages to show DNA, not protein, enters bacteria to direct viral reproduction. Bacteriophage
Virus that infects bacteria, used in pivotal experiments to distinguish between DNA and protein as genetic material. X-ray Diffraction
Technique that reveals molecular structure by analyzing patterns formed when X-rays scatter off a sample. Double Helix
Three-dimensional, spiral structure formed by two intertwined strands, characteristic of DNA's architecture. Nucleotide
Basic building block of DNA, consisting of a sugar, phosphate group, and one of four nitrogenous bases. Amino Acid
Organic molecule forming proteins, once thought to provide the diversity needed for genetic information. Protein Coat
Protective outer layer of a virus, labeled in experiments to distinguish its role from that of DNA. Mutation
Change in genetic information, enabling evolution and variation within populations. Replication
Process by which genetic material is accurately copied for cell division and inheritance. Rosalind Franklin
Scientist whose X-ray diffraction data was crucial for revealing DNA's double helix structure. Watson and Crick
Researchers who constructed the first accurate model of DNA's double helix using experimental data. Wilkins
Collaborator in DNA structure discovery, shared Nobel Prize for contributions alongside Watson and Crick.
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