Textbook Question
Propyl acetate is the ester that gives the odor and smell of pears.
b. Use condensed structural formulas to write the balanced chemical equation for the formation of propyl acetate.
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Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides
Timberlake14thChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives19
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy53
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements58
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions38
- Ch.8 Gases30
- Ch.9 Solutions50
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium64
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons77
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones82
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides91
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis86
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production73
Timberlake14thChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 14, Problem 80c
Ethyl octanoate is a flavor component of mangoes.
c. Use condensed structural formula to write the balanced chemical equation for the acid hydrolysis of ethyl octanoate.
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the chemical structure of ethyl octanoate. Ethyl octanoate is an ester with the condensed structural formula CH3(CH2)6COOCH2CH3.
Understand the process of acid hydrolysis. In acid hydrolysis, an ester reacts with water in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce a carboxylic acid and an alcohol.
Write the general reaction for acid hydrolysis of an ester: RCOOR' + H2O → RCOOH + R'OH. Here, R represents the alkyl group from the carboxylic acid, and R' represents the alkyl group from the alcohol.
Apply the specific groups from ethyl octanoate to the general formula. For ethyl octanoate, R = CH3(CH2)6 and R' = CH2CH3. The products will be octanoic acid (CH3(CH2)6COOH) and ethanol (CH3CH2OH).
Write the balanced chemical equation for the acid hydrolysis of ethyl octanoate: CH3(CH2)6COOCH2CH3 + H2O → CH3(CH2)6COOH + CH3CH2OH.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Ester Hydrolysis
Ester hydrolysis is a chemical reaction where an ester reacts with water to form an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. In the case of ethyl octanoate, the reaction involves the breaking of the ester bond in the presence of water, typically catalyzed by an acid or base. This process is essential in understanding how esters can be converted back to their constituent alcohols and acids.
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Condensed Structural Formula
A condensed structural formula provides a simplified representation of a molecule, showing the arrangement of atoms and the connectivity between them without depicting all the bonds explicitly. For ethyl octanoate, the condensed formula is C2H5OC7H15, which indicates the ethyl group (C2H5) attached to the octanoate part (C7H15). This format is useful for quickly identifying the components of the molecule in chemical equations.
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Balanced Chemical Equation
A balanced chemical equation represents a chemical reaction with equal numbers of each type of atom on both sides of the equation, adhering to the law of conservation of mass. For the acid hydrolysis of ethyl octanoate, the balanced equation will show the reactants (ethyl octanoate and water) and the products (octanoic acid and ethanol), ensuring that the number of atoms for each element is the same before and after the reaction.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Propyl acetate is the ester that gives the odor and smell of pears.
d. Use condensed structural formulas to write the balanced chemical equation for the base hydrolysis of propyl acetate with NaOH.
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Textbook Question
Propyl acetate is the ester that gives the odor and smell of pears.
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e. How many milliliters of a 0.208 M NaOH solution is needed to completely hydrolyze (saponify) 1.58 g of propyl acetate?
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Textbook Question
Ethyl octanoate is a flavor component of mangoes.
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e. How many milliliters of a 0.315 M NaOH solution is needed to completely hydrolyze (saponify) 2.84 g of ethyl octanoate?
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Textbook Question
Novocain, a local anesthetic, is the ammonium salt of procaine.
a. Draw the condensed structural formula for the ammonium salt (procaine hydrochloride) formed when procaine reacts with HCl. (Hint: The tertiary amine reacts with HCl.)
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Textbook Question
Novocain, a local anesthetic, is the ammonium salt of procaine.
b. Why is procaine hydrochloride used rather than procaine?
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