Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry
Indietro
- Complete the exercises below. Consider an octahedral complex MA₃B₃. How many geometric isomers are expected for this compound? Will any of the isomers be optically active? If so, which ones?
Problema 42
- Complete the exercises below. Determine if each of the following complexes exhibits geometric isomerism. If geometric isomers exist, determine how many there are. c. octahedral [Fe(o-phen)₂ Cl₂]⁺.
Problema 43
- Complete the exercises below. Determine if each of the following complexes exhibits geometric isomerism. If geometric isomers exist, determine how many there are. c. Square-planar [Pd(en)(CN)₂].
Problema 44
- Complete the exercises below. Determine if each of the following metal complexes is chiral and therefore has an optical isomer: b. octahedral trans-[Ru(bipy)₂Cl₂].
Problema 45
- Complete the exercises below. Determine if each of the following metal complexes is chiral and therefore has an optical isomer: c. octahedral cis-[V(en)₂ClBr].
Problema 46
- Complete the exercises below. Determine if each of the following metal complexes is chiral and therefore has an optical isomer: b. octahedral [Ni(en)(NH₃)₄]²⁺.
Problema 46
- Complete the exercises below. Determine if each of the following metal complexes is chiral and therefore has an optical isomer: a. square planar [Pd(en)(CN)₂].
Problema 46
- Complete the exercises below. a. If a complex absorbs light at 610 nm, what color would you expect the complex to be? b. What is the energy in joules of a photon with a wavelength of 610 nm? c. What is the energy of this absorption in kJ/mol?
Problema 47
- Complete the exercises below. a. A complex absorbs photons with an energy of 4.51 x 10⁻¹⁹ J. What is the wavelength of these photons? b. If this is the only place in the visible spectrum where the complex absorbs light, what color would you expect the complex to be?
Problema 48
- Complete the exercises below. Identify each of the following coordination complexes as either diamagnetic or paramagnetic: a. [ZnCl₄]²⁻ b. [Pd(NH₃)₂ Cl₂]
Problema 49
Problema 52a
The lobes of which d orbitals point directly between the ligands in a. octahedral geometry,
Problema 52b
The lobes of which d orbitals point directly between the ligands in b. tetrahedral geometry?
- Complete the exercises below. a. Sketch a diagram that shows the definition of the crystal-field splitting energy (∆) for an octahedral crystal-field. b. What is the relationship between the magnitude of ∆ and the energy of the d-d transition for a d¹ complex? c. Calculate ∆ in kJ/mol if a d¹ complex has an absorption maximum at 545 nm.
Problema 53
Problema 54
As shown in Figure 23.26, the d-d transition of [Ti(H2O)6]³⁺ produces an absorption maximum at a wavelength of about 500 nm .
a. What is the magnitude of ∆ for [Ti(H2O)6]³⁺ in kJ/mol?
b. How would the magnitude of ∆ change if the H2O ligands in [Ti(H2O)6]]³⁺ were placed with NH3 ligands?
- Complete the exercises below. Give the number of (valence) d electrons associated with the central metal ion in each of the following complexes: a. K₃ [TiCl₆], b. Na₃ [Co(NO₂)₆], c. [Ru(en)₃] Br₃, d. [Mo(EDTA)] ClO₄, e. K₃ [ReCl₆].
Problema 57
- Complete the exercises below. Give the number of (valence) d electrons associated with the central metal ion in each of the following complexes: a. K₃[Fe(CN)₆] b. [Mn(H₂O)₆](NO₃)₂ c. Na[Ag(CN)₂] d. [Cr(NH₃)₄Br₂]ClO₄ e. [Sr(EDTA)]²⁻
Problema 58
Problema 59
A classmate says, “A weak-field ligand usually means the complex is high spin.” Is your classmate correct? Explain.
Problema 60
For a given metal ion and set of ligands, is the crystal-field splitting energy larger for a tetrahedral or an octahedral geometry?
- Complete the exercises below. For each of the following metals, write the electronic configuration of the atom and its 2+ ion: a. Mn. Draw the crystal-field energy-level diagram for the d orbitals of an octahedral complex, and show the placement of the d electrons for each 2+ ion, assuming a strong-field complex. How many unpaired electrons are there in each case? b. Ru. Draw the crystal-field energy-level diagram for the d orbitals of an octahedral complex, and show the placement of the d electrons for each 2+ ion, assuming a strong-field complex. How many unpaired electrons are there in each case? c. Rh. Draw the crystal-field energy-level diagram for the d orbitals of an octahedral complex, and show the placement of the d electrons for each 2+ ion, assuming a strong-field complex. How many unpaired electrons are there in each case?
Problema 61
- Complete the exercises below. For each of the following metals, write the electronic configuration of the atom and its 3+ ion: a. Fe. Draw the crystal-field energy-level diagram for the d orbitals of an octahedral complex, and show the placement of the d electrons for each 3+ ion, assuming a weak-field complex. How many unpaired electrons are there in each case?
Problema 62
- Complete the exercises below. For each of the following metals, write the electronic configuration of the atom and its 3+ ion: c. Co. Draw the crystal-field energy-level diagram for the d orbitals of an octahedral complex, and show the placement of the d electrons for each 3+ ion, assuming a weak-field complex. How many unpaired electrons are there in each case?
Problema 62
- Complete the exercises below. For each of the following metals, write the electronic configuration of the atom and its 3+ ion: b. Mo. Draw the crystal-field energy-level diagram for the d orbitals of an octahedral complex, and show the placement of the d electrons for each 3+ ion, assuming a weak-field complex. How many unpaired electrons are there in each case?
Problema 62
- Complete the exercises below. Draw the crystal-field energy-level diagrams and show the placement of d electrons for each of the following: c. [Ru(NH₃)₅(H₂O)]²⁺ (a low-spin complex).
Problema 63
- Complete the exercises below. Draw the crystal-field energy-level diagrams and show the placement of d electrons for each of the following: a. [Cr(H₂O)₆]²⁺ (four unpaired electrons).
Problema 63
Problema 64a,b
Complete the exercises below. Draw the crystal-field energy-level diagrams and show the placement of electrons for each of the following complexes:
a. [VCl6]3–,
b. [FeF6]3– (a high-spin complex),
Problema 64d
Draw the crystal-field energy-level diagrams and show the placement of electrons for each of the following complexes:
d. [NiCl4]2+ (tetrahedral),
- Complete the exercises below. The complex [Mn(NH₃)₆]²⁺ contains five unpaired electrons. Sketch the energy-level diagram for the d orbitals, and indicate the placement of electrons for this complex ion. Is the ion a high-spin or a low-spin complex?
Problema 65
- Complete the exercises below. The ion [Fe(CN)₆]³⁻ has one unpaired electron, whereas [Fe(NCS)₆]³⁻ has five unpaired electrons. From these results, what can you conclude about whether each complex is high spin or low spin? What can you say about the placement of NCS⁻ in the spectrochemical series?
Problema 66
- Complete the exercises below. Explain why the transition metals in periods 5 and 6 have nearly identical radii within each group.
Problema 68
Problema 71a
Sketch the structure of the complex in each of the following compounds and give the full compound name:
a. cis-[Co(NH3)4(H2O)2] (NO3)2