Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory
Indietro
- What tripositive ion has the electron configuration 3Kr4 4d3?
Problema 45
- There are two elements in the transition-metal series Sc through Zn that have four unpaired electrons in their 2+ ions. Identify them.
Problema 46
- Which element in the transition-metal series Sc through Zn has five unpaired electrons in its +3 ion?
Problema 47
- Which atom or ion in the following pairs would you expect to be larger? (c) O-or O2-
Problema 48
- Which atom or ion in the following pairs would you expect to be larger? (c) Cr3+ or Cr6+
Problema 49
- Order the following ions from smallest to largest: Sr2+, Se2-, Br-, Rb+.
Problema 50
- Order the following ions from smallest to largest: Mg2+, O2-, F-, Na+.
Problema 51
- Which ion has a larger atomic radius, Cu+ or Cu2+? Explain your reasoning.
Problema 52
- Which ion has a larger atomic radius, Fe2+ or Fe3+? Explain your reasoning.
Problema 53
- The following ions all have the same number of electrons: Ti4+, Sc3+, Ca2+, S2-. Order them according to their expected sizes, and explain your answer.
Problema 54
- Which of the ions Se2-, F-, O2-, and Rb+ has the largest radius?
Problema 55
- Which group of elements in the periodic table has the largest first ionization energy (Ei1), and which group has the smallest? Explain.
Problema 56
- Which element in the periodic table has the smallest ionization energy? Which element has the largest ionization energy?
Problema 57
- Which element in each of the following sets has the smallest first ionization energy, and which has the largest? (a) Li, Ba, K (b) B, Be, Cl (c) Ca, C, Cl
Problema 58
- Order the elements in each set from the smallest to largest first ionization energy. (a) Na, I, P (b) P, Sr, Mg (c) Ca, Cs, Se
Problema 59
Problema 61a
(a) Which has the smaller fourth ionization energy, Sn or Sb?
Problema 61b
(b) Which has the larger sixth ionization energy, Se or Br?
- Three atoms have the following electron configurations: (a) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 (b) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 (c) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 Which of the three has the largest Ei2? Which has the smallest Ei7?
Problema 62
- Three atoms have the following electron configurations: (a) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1 (b) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 (c) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1. Which of the three has the largest Ei1? Which has the smallest Ei4?
Problema 63
- The first four ionization energies in kJ/mol of a certain second-row element are 801, 2427, 3660, and 25,025. What is the likely identity of the element?
Problema 64
- What is the likely identity of the second-row element with the first four ionization energies of 900, 1757, 14,849, and 21,007 kJ/mol?
Problema 65
- What is the relationship between the electron affinity of a singly charged cation such as Na+ and the ionization energy of the neutral atom?
Problema 66
- What is the relationship between the ionization energy of a singly charged anion such as Cl- and the electron affinity of the neutral atom?
Problema 67
- Which has the more negative electron affinity, Na or Cl?
Problema 68
- Which has the more negative electron affinity, Br or Br⁻?
Problema 69
- Why is energy usually released when an electron is added to a neutral atom but absorbed when an electron is removed from a neutral atom?
Problema 70
- Why does ionization energy increase regularly across the periodic table from group 1A to group 8A, whereas electron affinity increases irregularly from group 1A to group 7A and then falls dramatically for group 8A?
Problema 71
- Water superheated under pressure to 200 °C and 750 atm has Kw = 1.5 * 10-11. What is 3H3O+ 4 and 3OH-4 at 200 °C? Is the water acidic, basic, or neutral?
Problema 72
- Why does phosphorus have a less negative electron affinity than its neighbors silicon and sulfur?
Problema 73
Problema 74a,c,d
What noble-gas configurations and charge are the following elements likely to attain in reactions in which they form ions? (a) N (c) S (d) Br