Indicate whether each statement is true or false. If the statement is false, change the underlined word or phrase to make the statement true.

_____ Coccidioidomycosis does not occur normally outside the Western Hemisphere.

Subcutaneous infections tend to be acquired through ________.

a. inhalation and remain localized

b. inhalation and become systemic

c. trauma and remain localized

d. trauma and become systemic

The five more common agents of opportunistic fungal infections are  _____  , _____ , _____  , _____ , and _____ (genus names).

The term dermatophyte refers to_____.

a. pathogenicity

b. where a fungus grows

c. method of spread

d. pigmentation

Thrush is caused by _____ (genus name).

Which of the following subcutaneous mycoses may exhibit respiratory and cerebral forms?

a. Chromoblastomycosis

b. Mycetoma

c. Phaeohyphomycosis

d. Sporotrichosis

Pneumocystis was once classified as a _____, but now it is classified as a_____.

The immature fluke stages that infect snail intermediate hosts are called __________.

a. metacercariae

b. cercariae

c. cysticerci

d. miracidia

Mark each statement as true or false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true by changing the underlined word(s).

__________ Sexual contact is the most common method of transmission of parasites.

Mark each statement as true or false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true by changing the underlined word(s).

__________ Wuchereria bancrofti is a filarial nematode that infects the lymphatic system.

Balantidium coli can be distinguished from Entamoeba histolytica microscopically because B. coli has ___________ .

Both of the following parasites demonstrate nocturnal movement, which is important during diagnosis: __________ and _____________ .

Match the numbered organism with the correct lettered term. Answers may be used more than once, and an organism may have more than one answer.

1. ___ Balantidium coli

2. ___ Echinococcus granulosus

3. ___ Fasciola spp.

4. ___ Leishmania spp.

5. ___ Plasmodium falciparum

6. ___ Plasmodium vivax

7. ___ Taenia spp.

8. ___ Toxoplasma gondii

9. ___ Trypanosoma

10. ___ Wuchereria bancrofti

A. Miracidia

B. Bradyzoites

C. Schizogony

D. Microfilaria

E. Hydatid cyst

F. Cysticerci

G. Trophozoites

H. Amastigotes

I. Hypnozoites

J. Flagellated trypanosomes

Why do insect vectors and animal reservoirs increase the difficulty of preventing and controlling parasitic infections in humans?

Label the three stages of the Plasmodium life cycle, and label the forms of the parasite where indicated.

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A.. ________ B. ________ C. ________ a. ________ b. ________ c. ________

d. ________ e. ________

Plasmodium species as well as Wuchereria bancrofti can be carried by mosquitoes in the genus __________.

a. Aedes

b. Anopheles

c. Culex

d. Ctenocephalides

Which of the following arthropods is responsible for transmitting the most parasitic diseases? __________         

a. Fleas

b. Ticks

c. Mosquitoes

d. True bugs

The majority of cestodes are transmitted via ___________ .

a. ingestion

b. vectors

c. direct contact

d. inhalation

Which of the following is most effective in preventing infection by Giardia? __________          

a. Sexual abstinence

b. Drinking only bottled water

c. Use of insect repellent

d. Cooking all food

The sporogonic phase of Plasmodium occurs in ___________.

a. red blood cells

b. liver cells

c. schizonts

d. Anopheles mosquitoes

The only ciliate to cause disease in humans is __________.

a. Naegleria

b. Balantidium

c. Fasciola

d. Trypanosoma

Trophozoite-cyst conversion is vital to the life of __________.

a. Balantidium

b. Entamoeba

c. Giardia

d, all of the above

____________ may be transmitted to humans from cat litter boxes.

How is the transmission of the amoeba Entamoeba different from the transmission of the amoebas Acanthamoeba and Naegleria?

Identify the genera of the parasites in these clinical specimens.

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fecal anal

a. ________ b. _________

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blood fecal

c. _________ d. _________

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vaginal blood

e. _________ f. __________

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fecal fecal

g. ___________ h. ___________

Mark each statement as true or false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true by changing the underlined word(s).

__________ Examination of stool samples can reveal the presence of Naegleria parasites.

Which of the following organisms is regularly transmitted sexually?  __________        

a. Trichomonas

b. Entamoeba

c. Trypanosoma

d. Enterobius

African sleeping sickness is caused by Trypanosoma ______________ but not by Trypanosoma _____________.

Mark each statement as true or false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true by changing the underlined word(s).

__________ Trichomonas vaginalis is the most common parasitic protozoan of humans in the industrialized world.

Leishmania species are transmitted by __________.

a. sand flies

b. tsetse flies

c. kissing bugs

d. mosquitoes