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Problem 23.4a
Mark each statement as true or false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true by changing the underlined word(s).
__________ Trypanosoma brucei is transmitted by tsetse flies, and Trypanosoma cruzi is transmitted by kissing bugs.
Problem 23.4a
The parasitic amoeba _____________ can be acquired by ingestion.
Problem 23.5
Which of the following is the name of the intracellular infection stage of Leishmania? __________
a. Miracidia
b. Metacercaria
c. Bradyzoite
d. Amastigote
Problem 23.5a
Mark each statement as true or false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true by changing the underlined word(s).
__________ Plasmodium falciparum causes the most serious form of malaria.
Problem 23.5a
Both Plasmodium vivax and P. ovale can form dormant ______________ .
Problem 23.6
In malaria, which stage occurs in red blood cells? __________
a. Liver phase
b. Erythrocytic cycle
c. Sporogonic phase
d. Amastigote cycle
Problem 23.6a
Mark each statement as true or false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true by changing the underlined word(s).
__________ Toxoplasmosis can be transmitted across a placenta.
Problem 23.6a
Of the parasitic helminths discussed in this chapter, the only one transmitted by mosquitoes is _____________ .
Problem 23.7
The definitive host for Toxoplasma gondii is __________.
a. humans
b. cats
c. birds
d. mosquitoes
Problem 23.7a
Mark each statement as true or false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true by changing the underlined word(s).
__________ Humans can become intermediate hosts for Taenia saginata.
Problem 23.7a
The following helminths can directly penetrate the skin of humans to establish infection:, ____________ , _____________ , and ________________ (give genera only).
Problem 23.8
Tapeworms are generally transmitted via ______.
a. consumption of an intermediate host
b. consumption of the definitive host
c. vectors such as mosquitoes
d. consumption of adult tapeworms
Problem 23.8a
Mark each statement as true or false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true by changing the underlined word(s).
__________ Fasciola hepatica can be acquired by eating infected sheep.
Problem 23.8a
A trematode that can be acquired by eating raw or undercooked vegetables is _____________ .
Problem 23.9
Cryptosporidium cannot be killed by routine boiling. Another parasite resistant to such boiling is __________.
a. Giardia
b. Trypanosoma
c. Toxoplasma
d. Plasmodium
Problem 23.9a
Mark each statement as true or false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true by changing the underlined word(s).
__________ The number of cases of schistosomiasis has increased worldwide because of improved technology and economic stability in endemic areas.
Problem 23.9a
Hookworm disease is caused by ____________ in the Middle East.
Problem 24.10a
Monkeypox has been diagnosed in several humans in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. What might be recommended to prevent further risk of infection?
a. Catch the monkeys for inoculation with monkeypox vaccine.
b. Remove infected tissues from humans with chemicals, by surgery, or by freezing.
c. Reinstate smallpox vaccinations for the country's population.
d. The diagnosis must have been incorrect because humans are unaffected by
monkeypox.
Problem 24.1a
The Smith family seems to get fever blisters regularly. Suggest an explanation for this observation.
Problem 24.1a
Identify the viral family causing or implicated in each of the following diseases. A viral family name may be used more than once.
1. ____ Chickenpox
2. ____ Smallpox
3. ____ Cowpox
4. ____ Molluscum contagiosum
5. ____ HHV-1 infection
6. ____ Whitlow
7. ____ Shingles
8. ____ Burkitt's lymphoma
9. ____ Infectious mononucleosis
10. ____ Chronic fatigue syndrome
11. ____ Cytomegalovirus infection
12. ____ Genital warts
13. ____ Roseola
14. ____ Plantar warts
15. ____ Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
16. ____ Common cold
17. ____ Hepatitis B
18. ____ Fifth disease
A. Poxviridae
B. Herpesviridae
C. Papillomaviridae
D. Adenoviridae
E. Hepadnaviridae
F. Parvoviridae
G. Polyomaviridae
Problem 24.1a
Label the successive stages of skin lesions as exemplified by smallpox.
a. <IMAGE>
b. <IMAGE>
c. <IMAGE>
d. <IMAGE>
e. <IMAGE>
f. <IMAGE>
Problem 24.13a
Being habitually careful not to touch or rub your eyes with unwashed hands would reduce your risk of contracting_____
a. chickenpox
b. infectious mononucleosis
c. seed warts
d. a cold
Problem 24.14a
Human herpesvirus 2 _____.
a. can cause genital herpes
b. may infect a baby at birth
c. causes about 10% of cold sores
d. all of the above
Problem 24.15a
Epstein-Barr virus _____.
a. can be asymptomatic
b. causes mononucleosis
c. can cause cancer
d. all of the above
Problem 24.2a
For which of the following reasons are most animal poxviruses unable to infect humans?
a. Affected animals are not in frequent contact with humans.
b. The human immune system makes it impossible for the foreign viral particles to
reproduce effectively.
c. Attachment to human cells is unlikely.
d. Human cells lack the necessary enzymes for infection.
Problem 24.2a
Name the disease shown in each photo.
a. <IMAGE>
b. <IMAGE>
c. <IMAGE>
d. <IMAGE>
e. <IMAGE>
f. <IMAGE>
Problem 24.3a
The initial flat, red skin lesions of poxviruses are called____.
a. macules
b. papules
c. pustules
d. pocks
Problem 24.3a
What was the difference in the effects of variola major and variola minor?
Problem 24.4a
Which of the following statements is true concerning variola major?
a. It carries a mortality rate of less than 1%.
b. It affects internal organs before appearing on the skin.
c. The causative virus has been totally eradicated from Earth.
d. The skin lesions it causes are smooth, waxy, tumorlike nodules on the face.
Problem 24.4a
What observation led scientists to understand the relationship between shingles and chickenpox?