Beyond Software Architecture: Creating and Sustaining Winning Solutions, 1st edition

Published by Addison-Wesley Professional (January 30, 2003) © 2003

  • Luke Hohmann
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Luke Hohmann borrows from his extensive experience managing successful enterprise software projects to provide practical wisdom on creating and sustaining winning software solutions. This book teaches students how to build a software architecture that aligns with a customer's overall business goals and helps students grasp the business ramifications of their decisions. These are two important aspects for any student to take away from a software engineering course as these skills will be vitally important when they enter the workforce.



Foreword by Martin Fowler.


Foreword by Guy Kawasaki.


Preface.


1. Software Architecture.

Defining Software Architecture.

Alternative Thoughts on Software Architecture.

Subsystems Are Designed to Manage Dependencies.

Subsystems Are Designed According to Human Motivations and Desires.

Give in to Great Architectures.

Beauty Is in the Eye of the Beholder!

Why Software Architecture Matters.

Longevity.

Stability.

Degree and Nature of Change

Profitability.

Social Structure.

Boundaries Defined.

Sustainable, Unfair Advantage.

Creating an Architecture.

Patterns and Architecture.

Architectural Evolution and Maturation: Features versus Capabilities.

Architectural Care and Feeding.

Technological Currency.

Technological Debt.

Known Bugs.

License Compliance.

Principles First, Second, and Third.

Encapsulation.

Interfaces.

Loose Coupling.

Appropriate Granularity.

High Cohesion.

Parameterization.

Deferral.

Creating Architectural Understanding.

The Team.

Chapter Summary.

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2. Product Development Primer.

What Is Product Management?

Why Product Management Matters.

Product Development Processes: Creating Release 1.0.

Concept Proposal.

Product Proposal/Business Plan.

Development Plan.

Development.

Final Quality Assurance.

Prelaunch.

Launch.

It Isn't Like That.

It Is a Waterfall Process and Those Don't Work.

It Presents All Stages as If They Were of Equal Importance.

It Doesn't Detail Any Time.

Where Is the Iteration?

It Doesn't Prescribe a Development Process.

It Doesn't Identify the Level of Collaboration Between Groups within Stages.

The Business Plan.

Product Development Processes: Creating Release n.n.n.

Augmenting the Product Development Process.

Successive Freezing.

Change Management Protocols.

Recycle Bin.

Crucial Product Management Concepts.

The Four Ps of Marketing.

Total Available Market, Total Addressable Market, and Market @BHEADS = Segmentation.

The S-Shaped Curve of Adoption.

The Whole Product.

Technical versus Market Superiority.

Position and Positioning.

Brand.

The Main Message.

Chapter Summary.

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3. The Difference between Marketecture and Tarchitecture.

Who Is Responsible for What?

Early Forces in Solution Development.

Creating Results in the Short Run while Working in the Long Run.

Projecting the Future.

Harnessing Feedback.

Generating Clarity.

Working in Unison.

Reaching Agreements.

Making Data Available.

Context Diagrams and Target Products.

Chapter Summary.

Check This.

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4. Business and License Model Symbiosis.

Common Software Business Models.

Time-Based Access or Usage.

Transaction.

Metering.

Hardware.

Services.

Revenue Obtained/Costs Saved.

Rights Associated with Business Models.

Tarchitectural Support for the Business Model.

General Issues.

Time-Based Access or Usage.

Transaction.

Metering.

Hardware.

Enforcing Licensing Models.

The Honor System.

Home-Grown License Managers.

Third-Party or Professional License Managers.

The Client.

Market Maturity Influences on the Business Model.

Choosing a Business Model.

Chapter Summary.

Check This.

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5. Technology In-Licensing.

Licensing Risks/Rewards.

Contracts—Where the Action Is.

Contract Basics.

License Terms.

When Business Models Collide, Negotiations Ensue.

Honoring License Agreements.

Managing In-Licensed Technology.

Open-Source Licensing.

License Fees.

Licensing Economics.

Chapter Summary.

Check This.

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6. Portability.

The Perceived Advantages of Portability.

The Business Case for Portability.

Creating Portable Applications.

Use an Interpreted Language.

Use Standards-Based Persistent Storage.

Make Business Logic Portable.

Closer to the User Means Less Portability.

Use XML for Standardized, Interoperable Communications between Subsystems.

Avoid Hiding The Power of a Specific Platform in the Name of Portability.

The Matrix of Pain.

Step 1: Remove Configurations.

Step 2: Rank-Order Configurations.

Step 3: Make the Final Cut.

Beware the Promises You Make.

Chapter Summary.

Check This.

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7. Deployment Architecture.

Deployment Choices.

Customer Site.

Application Service Provider.

Managed Service Provider.

Transactional (Web Service).

Customer Influences on Deployment Architectures.

Control and Integration.

Data Security/Privacy and Peak Loads.

Costs and Vendor Confidence.

Customer Skills and Experiences and Geographic Distribution.

Corporate Influences on Deployment Architecture.

Sales Cycle.

Infrastructure Investment.

Cash Flow.

Flexibility.

Geographic Distribution.

Service, Not Price.

Choosing a Software Deployment Architecture.

Deployment Architectures and the Distribution of Work.

The Information Appliance.

Deployment Choice Influences on Software Architecture.

Flexible, Parameterized, or No Integration Options.

Upgrade Policies.

Data Protection and Access.

Migration Options.

The Future of Consumer Software.

Chapter Summary.

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8. Integration and Extension.

Customer Control—The Driving Force.

Motivations for Integration/Extension.

Layered Business Architectures: Logical Structures.

The User Interface Layer.

The Services Layer.

The Domain Model Layer.

The Persistent Data Layer.

Variations on a Theme.

Creating Layered Business Architectures.

Integration and Extension at the Business Logic Layers.

Technologies and Locus of Control.

Integration through APIs.

Extension through Registration.

Integration and Extension of Persistent Data.

Views.

User Fields.

Hook Tables.

Spreadsheet Pivot Tables.

Extract, Transform, and Load Scripts.

Tell Them What's Going On.

Business Ramifications.

Professional Services.

Training Programs.

Certification.

User Community.

License Agreements.

Managing APIs Over Multiple Releases.

Techniques.

Chapter Summary.

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9. Brand and Brand Elements.

Brand Elements.

Names.

Graphics, Slogans, and Other Brand Elements.

When to Use the Trademark (â„¢) Symbol.

Managing In-License Brands.

Brand Element Customizations.

Changing Brand Elements.

Product Areas to Change.

QA and Change.

Chapter Summary.

Check This.

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10. Usability.

Usability Is about Money.

Mental Models, Metaphors, and Usability.

Tarchitectural Influences on User Interface Design.

Areas of Influence.

The Need for Speed.

Let's Be Clear on What We're Talking About.

What a Marketect Really Wants with Respect to Performance.

Responding to the User.

Performance And Tarchitectural Impact.

Chapter Summary.

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11. Installation.

The Out of Box Experience.

Ouch! That Might Hurt.

Customer Fears.

Installation and Architecture.

Forces and Choices.

How to Install.

Installation Data Collection and Precondition Verification.

Installation.

Postinstallation Confirmation.

Finishing Touches.

They Don't Read the Manual.

Test the Install and Uninstall.

Chapter Summary.

Check This.

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12. Upgrade.

Like Installation, Only Worse.

Upgrade Fears.

Making Upgrades Less Painful.

Choices for Painless Upgrades.

Market Maturity and Upgrades.

Chapter Summary.

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13. Configuration.

Configurability—An Element of Usability.

The System Context.

Contextual Information.

Initialization versus Execution.

Setting the Value.

Setting the Right Value.

Configuration Parameter Heuristics.

Chapter Summary.

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14. Logs.

I Want to Know What's Happening.

Not Just the Facts.

Log Format and Management.

Log Format.

Log Management.

Logging Standards and Libraries.

Postprocessing Log Data.

Logging Services.

Chapter Summary.

Check This.

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15. Release Management.

Yes, You Really Need This.

Establishing a Baseline.

Release Management.

What You're Releasing.

Who You're Targeting.

Why They Want It.

Release Identification.

Full or Complete Releases

Partial Releases.

Patch Releases.

Variations.

SKUs and Serial Numbers.

SKU Management.

Serial Numbers, Registration, and Activation.

Release Management Influences on Tarchitecture.

Chapter Summary.

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16. Security.

Viruses, Hackers, and Pirates.

Managing Risk.

See No Evil, Speak No Evil.

Digital Identity Management.

Authorization—Defining Who Can Do What.

Authentication—Proof of Identity.

Transaction Security.

Auditability—Proof of Activity.

Integrity—Preventing Tampering and Alteration of Data.

Confidentiality—Keeping Data Away from Those Not Entitled to It.

Accountability—Holding People Responsible for Their Actions.

Software Security.

Software Security Techniques.

Software Security Costs/Benefits.

Information Security.

Secret Algorithms or Secret Keys?

Back Doors.

Security and Marketecture.

Areas of Interaction.

Chapter Summary.

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Appendix A. Release Checklist.


Appendix B. A Pattern Language for Strategic Product Management.

Applying The Patterns.

Capturing the Result.

Market Map.

Market Events/Market Rhythms.

Feature/Benefit Map.

The Tarchitecture Roadmap.



References.


Bibliography.


About the Author.


Index. 0201775948T01212003

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